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Open research questions in Islamic Finance and Banking Studies

364 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,121 Islamic Finance and Banking Studies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • To prepare a digital thematic index of the passages on objectives, interests, and consequences in Ahkam al-Qur'an, linked to the verses, questions, and the four argumentative functions, as a database for researchers. To verify the attribution of the maxim “observing the rule is more fitting than observing the wordings” by collating the editions of Ahkam al- Qur'an and al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qur'an, and to study the extent of al-Qurtubi's dependence upon Ibn al-'Arabi in purposive questions in particular. To conduct a comparative study between Ibn al-'Arabi, al-Qurtubi, and other authors of the Ahkam al-Qur'an genre in their employment of the necessities, so as to measure the effect of theoretical affiliation upon the operation of the objectives. To extend research to the needed and improving objectives in Ibn al-'Arabi and their relation to the necessities in cases of competition. To adopt the threefold distinction (objective/rule/application) in contemporary purposive research, so that the objectives do not become general phrases justifying predetermined conclusions. To attend to the procedural and institutional dimension of the objectives in juristic studies, since preservation is realised through documentation, guarantees, and proof as much as through substantive rulings. Funding: This research received no external funding. Acknowledgments: The author express gratitude to the College of Basic Education at Shirqat, Tikrit University for their comprehensive facilities and support. Conflicts of Interest: The author declare no conflict of interest

    The Necessary Objectives of the Law in Juristic Construction in Qadi Abu Bakr Ibn al-'Arabi al-Maliki (d. 543/1148): An Inductive and Analytical Study of Ahkam al-Qur'an · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should examine staggered post-launch additions and construct full-market Egyptian FF factors.

    Shariah index inclusion and stock returns in Egypt: an event study of the EGX33 Shariah Index across sectors · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies are needed to operationalise and test the model using large-scale empirical data, applying statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to ensure the proposed model is reliable and validate the constructs.

    INCEIF Impact Index Model (IIIM) for Assessing Material and Spiritual Welfare in Islamic Social Finance · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research may consider a broader range of stakeholders, including regulators, digital payment service providers, system developers, and consumers, as well as comparative or mixed-method approaches to provide wider insights into Sharīʿah governance practices in digital payment services.

    Sharīʿah Compliance in Malaysia’s Digital Payment Systems: Evidence from Expert Interviews · 2026 · DOI

  • The study is also delimited to a single journal rather than the broader field of Islamic business scholarship.

    The ontological impasse in Islamic business scholarship: evidence from a systematic review of JIABR (2010–2025) · 2026 · DOI

  • Background The potential of Islamic crowdfunding to encourage the development of Islamic fintech globally, even in countries with non-Muslim majority populations, needs to be examined in a literature study on this issue.

    Bibliometric Analysis of Islamic Crowdfunding: A Literature Review of Its Journey · 2024 · DOI

  • The study has a relatively small sample size of 258 mustahik. The study is limited to the context of West Java, Indonesia.

    Determinants of the Success of Zakat Utilization in Alleviating Poverty · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a gap in examining the structural relationships among factors influencing zakat program effectiveness. Few studies have used a comprehensive quantitative approach to examine the determinants of successful zakat utilization in alleviating poverty.

    Determinants of the Success of Zakat Utilization in Alleviating Poverty · 2026 · DOI

  • The endogenous nature of financial system interactions. The presence of simultaneity among variables. The need to capture dynamic and reciprocal interactions among variables.

    Technology money supply and economic growth simultaneously in islamic banks in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing studies adopt partial or linear approaches, overlooking the endogenous nature of relationships. The interaction between digital finance, Islamic banking, money supply, and economic growth remains theoretically fragmented.

    Technology money supply and economic growth simultaneously in islamic banks in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • The adoption of AI in Islamic financial institutions is a relatively new and crucial issue requiring further examination. There is a need to highlight the potential contribution of AI in Islamic financial institutions, particularly in supporting financial decision-making and issuing fatwas.

    Artificial Intelligence and its Role in Supporting Decision-Making and Fatwas in Islamic Financial Institutions: A Fundamental and Applied Jurisprudential Study on the Fatwa and Sharia Consultation Platform of Bahrain Islamic Bank · 2026 · DOI

  • The presence of asymmetric information between Islamic banks and entrepreneurs constrains the adoption of PLS financing. The lack of transparency, monitoring, and decision-making processes in PLS financing.

    WHAT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN DO TO MITIGATE ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION IN ISLAMIC BANK: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK REVEALED · 2026 · DOI

  • The framework lacks guidance on ethical constraints and Islamic finance principles that should govern AI decision-making in borrower assessment and early warning alert generation, particularly how to ensure Maqasid Al-Sharia alignment when using automated systems that might falsely flag legitimate business transactions or borrower operational changes.

    WHAT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN DO TO MITIGATE ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION IN ISLAMIC BANK: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK REVEALED · 2026 · DOI

  • Empirical corpus construction is needed to build a Saudi sukuk text corpus. Arabic-English Islamic-finance language models should be tested on Shariah-governance tasks. Disclosure-analytics outputs should be linked empirically to market outcomes.

    Natural Language Processing for Evaluating Shariah Governance Disclosures and Investor Confidence in the Saudi Sukuk Market · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of transparency and consistency in Shariah governance disclosures in the Saudi sukuk market. The need for a framework to evaluate Shariah governance disclosures.

    Natural Language Processing for Evaluating Shariah Governance Disclosures and Investor Confidence in the Saudi Sukuk Market · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of integrated academic synthesis demonstrating the relationship between charitable giving and wealth. The limited understanding of the mechanisms by which charitable giving produces returns. The need for more comprehensive evidence on the effects of charitable giving on wealth and well-being.

    The Generosity Paradox and The Fallacy of Wealth Preservation: How Empirical Science Confirms That Charitable Giving Does Not Diminish Wealth - A Multi Method Investigation Spanning Behavioral Economics, Neuroscience, and 1,400 Years of Islamic Wisdom · 2026 · DOI

  • Several limitations should be acknowledged. First, most experimental evidence examines relatively small scale giving rather than substantial wealth transfers. Second, observational studies face endogeneity concerns: generous individuals may have unobserved characteristics that also predict economic success. Third, the cultural and institutional context matters significantly — the returns to charity may vary across legal systems, social norms, and economic conditions. Future research should prioritize large scale randomized field experiments that track both giving behavior and comprehensive measures of wealth over extended periods. Natural experiments exploiting variation in charitable incentives, such as tax policy changes or natural disasters, could provide stronger causal identification. Cross cultural comparative work is needed to understand how and institutional frameworks moderate the relationship between giving and wealth.

    The Generosity Paradox and The Fallacy of Wealth Preservation: How Empirical Science Confirms That Charitable Giving Does Not Diminish Wealth - A Multi Method Investigation Spanning Behavioral Economics, Neuroscience, and 1,400 Years of Islamic Wisdom · 2026 · DOI

  • The integration of maqāṣid into institutional and constitutional analysis remains underdeveloped. Existing scholarship frequently treats maqāṣid al-sharī'ah as an abstract normative ideal without systematically connecting it to legal structures, institutional arrangements, and state regulatory frameworks governing zakat administration.

    Reconstructing Zakat Governance in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • The gap between the current zakat governance framework and the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. The lack of systematic connection between maqāṣid al-sharī'ah and legal structures, institutional arrangements, and state regulatory frameworks governing zakat administration.

    Reconstructing Zakat Governance in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on developing effective governance frameworks for Islamic commercial banks. Future research should explore the relationship between Sharia Good Corporate Governance and the long-term operational resilience of Sharia commercial banks in different contexts.

    Implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Sharia in Maintaining the Sustainability of Commercial Banks in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the implementation of Sharia Good Corporate Governance in Islamic commercial banks. The study notes that the governance problems faced by Islamic commercial banks are becoming increasingly complex.

    Implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Sharia in Maintaining the Sustainability of Commercial Banks in Indonesia · 2026 · DOI

  • The imposition of rigid, linear temporalities in sovereign debt servicing. The lack of temporal flexibility in international financial institutions' repayment schedules. The need to balance the obligations of debt repayment with the socio-economic realities of debtor nations.

    The Nadhirah Multiplier: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Sovereign Debt, "Crip Time," and Non-Linear Temporalities in the Quran and Sunnah · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies can empirically test the Nadhirah Multiplier concept using panel data from OIC nations. Research can explore the application of nadhirah in various contexts, including debt forgiveness and financial dispensation. Further analysis can investigate the impact of temporal flexibility on socio-economic outcomes in developing nations.

    The Nadhirah Multiplier: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Sovereign Debt, "Crip Time," and Non-Linear Temporalities in the Quran and Sunnah · 2026 · DOI

  • Inconsistencies remain in the implementation of murabahah financing contracts, including the use of murabahah for working capital financing and the merging of wakalah and murabahah contracts.

    THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE REGULATION OF THE OBJECT OF MURABAHAH FINANCING CONTRACTS IN ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the regulation and implementation of murabahah financing contracts in Islamic banking in Indonesia. The current implementation deviates from sharia principles.

    THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE REGULATION OF THE OBJECT OF MURABAHAH FINANCING CONTRACTS IN ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA · 2026 · DOI

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364 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,121 Islamic Finance and Banking Studies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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