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Open research questions in Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food

59 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 372 Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Mycotoxin contamination in rice is a major concern. Toxigenic Fusarium species can produce multiple mycotoxins. There is a need to develop strategies for reducing mycotoxin contamination in rice.

    Prevalence of toxigenic Fusarium species associated with grain discoloration of rice in north India · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of data on the prevalence of toxigenic Fusarium species in rice in North India. Prior studies have focused on stored rice samples, but there is a need to investigate discolored rice grains.

    Prevalence of toxigenic Fusarium species associated with grain discoloration of rice in north India · 2026 · DOI

  • Ochratoxin A is a pervasive foodborne mycotoxin that poses a global hazard to human and animal health. The pancreas is vulnerable to xenobiotic-induced damage due to its high metabolic requirements and limited antioxidant capacity.

    β-caryophyllene protects against foodborne ochratoxin A–induced pancreatic toxicity: implications for food safety and environmental health · 2026 · DOI

  • The mechanisms behind ochratoxin A-induced pancreatic damage are not fully understood. There is a need for effective strategies to mitigate mycotoxin-related pancreatic impairment.

    β-caryophyllene protects against foodborne ochratoxin A–induced pancreatic toxicity: implications for food safety and environmental health · 2026 · DOI

  • Establishing standardized imaging protocols and calibration procedures for smartphone-based sensing platforms. Investigating the long-term stability of the Eu/DUT-52 hydrogel sensor. Exploring the use of the Eu/DUT-52 framework in other applications where on-site detection of AFB1 is required.

    Smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform using Eu/DUT-52 hydrogel for on-site detection of aflatoxin B1 · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for low-cost, instrument-free sensing platforms for rapid, on-site detection of AFB1. Most reported LMOF-based sensors for AFB1 are based on fluorescence turn-off mechanisms, which have limitations. There is a lack of standardized imaging protocols and calibration procedures for smartphone-based sensing platforms.

    Smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform using Eu/DUT-52 hydrogel for on-site detection of aflatoxin B1 · 2026 · DOI

  • AFB1-induced growth impairment and immunotoxicity in broilers, - Limited understanding of the mechanisms by which Ct-Se alleviates AFB1-induced immunotoxicity, - Need for novel strategies to mitigate mycotoxicosis in poultry production.

    Chitosan-selenium alleviates AFB1-induced growth impairment and immunotoxicity in broilers by suppressing splenic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis · 2026 · DOI

  • The complexity of the respiratory system and the interactions between multiple pollutants. The lack of understanding of the combined effects of PM2.5 and Enniatin B1 on the respiratory barrier. The need to develop strategies to mitigate the effects of air pollution on human health.

    47 | SYNERGISTIC LUNG TOXICITY OF PM2.5 AND ENNIATIN B1 IN A CO-CULTURE MODEL · 2026 · DOI

  • The heterogeneous nature of fungal contamination in melon seeds. The need for a cost-effective and efficient method for monitoring compliance with international safety limits.

    Spatiotemporal and seasonal surveillance with risk assessment and multimarket analysis of aflatoxin contamination in Citrullus lanatus melon seeds across six Nigerian states · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of antitoxic serum in protecting against mycotoxins. The study aims to address this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of antitoxic serum when exposed to Fusarium mycotoxins.

    The effectiveness of antitoxic serum when exposed to Fusarium mycotoxins · 2026 · DOI

  • Abstract Visible mould is widely used as a practical sorting cue in maize, but it remains unclear whether the visible lesion marks the boundary of mycotoxin contamination within an intact cob.

    Beyond the visible lesion: mycotoxin attenuation and spatial heterogeneity in maize cobs · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need to investigate mycotoxin levels in human placenta samples. There is a gap in understanding the effects of mycotoxins on maternal health and fetal development.

    Investigation of the Levels of Mycotoxins Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone in Human Placenta Samples in Hospitals in Tehran City · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for efficient and environmentally friendly methods for OTA detoxification in grape-derived products. The use of enzymatic treatments for OTA detoxification is a growing area of interest.

    Exploring the Efficacy of Ochratoxinase Treatment in Grape-Derived Products: A Feasible Approach for Grape and Dried Vine Fruit OTA Detoxification · 2026 · DOI

  • Evaluation of the CL-ELISA for detection of zearalenone in other types of samples. Comparison of the CL-ELISA with other immunoassays in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Development of a method for simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins using the CL-ELISA.

    Chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies for zearalenone in food and feed · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for a sensitive and rapid method for zearalenone detection. The limitations of current methods, such as HPLC and UHPLC-MS/MS, in terms of cost and analysis time. The potential of immunoassays, such as ELISA, for zearalenone detection.

    Chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies for zearalenone in food and feed · 2026 · DOI

  • The study relies on previous studies for mycotoxin contamination levels. The sample size may not be representative of the entire Lebanese population. The study only analyzes a limited number of mycotoxins.

    The economic crisis in Lebanon and adolescent nutritional health: a multi-mycotoxin exposure and risk assessment of stunting and thinness · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of research on mycotoxin exposure and its association with adolescent nutritional health. The study aims to fill this gap by providing new insights into mycotoxin exposure and its health effects.

    The economic crisis in Lebanon and adolescent nutritional health: a multi-mycotoxin exposure and risk assessment of stunting and thinness · 2026 · DOI

  • Mycotoxin contamination in commercial pet foods is a significant challenge. Limited availability of feline PBMCs restricts the number of mycotoxins that can be tested. Developing safer pet foods that minimize mycotoxin contamination is a challenge.

    In vitro immunotoxicity of important mycotoxins detected in commercial dry dog and cat food in relation to internal exposure · 2026 · DOI

  • Limited availability of feline PBMCs restricted the number of mycotoxins that could be tested. The study only investigated the immunotoxicity of mycotoxins in commercial dog and cat food.

    In vitro immunotoxicity of important mycotoxins detected in commercial dry dog and cat food in relation to internal exposure · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of knowledge on pre- and post-harvest practices used by farmers in Ghana to prevent aflatoxin contamination. There is a need to investigate the effectiveness of different pre- and post-harvest practices in reducing aflatoxin contamination.

    Pre- and post-harvest practices, aflatoxin risk, and food security under two agroecological zones in Ghana · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for a testing technology to test food and ensure the safety of food. The lack of a reliable and sensitive method for OTA detection.

    MXene–CeO2 Nanorod-Based Optical Biosensor for Ochratoxin A Detection in Real Food Samples · 2026 · DOI

  • While selenium is known to mitigate mycotoxicosis, the protective efficacy of chitosan-selenium (Ct-Se), a novel organic formulation, against AFB1-induced splenic immunotoxicity in broilers remains unclear.

    Chitosan-selenium alleviates AFB1-induced growth impairment and immunotoxicity in broilers by suppressing splenic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of understanding of the effects of aflatoxins on Nile tilapia health. There is a need to examine the potential benefits of silymarin supplementation in reducing aflatoxin residues and enhancing immune-antioxidant gene expression in Nile tilapia.

    Silymarin conserves the efficacy of quinolone and sulfonamide in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to aflatoxicosis and Streptococcus agalactiae infection · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need to identify superior maize genotypes for resistance to pre-harvest Aspergillus ear rot and aflatoxin contamination. There is a lack of studies on the effects of genotype and environment interactions on ear rot and aflatoxin levels in maize.

    Field evaluation of maize genotypes for resistance to pre-harvest Aspergillus ear rot and aflatoxin contamination under natural inoculation in Eastern and Northern Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

  • The occurrence data of OTA in cured meat products in the Netherlands are scarce. There is a need to assess the occurrence of OTA in cured meats.

    Communication Survey on Ochratoxin A Occurrence in Cured Meat Products in The Netherlands · 2026 · DOI

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59 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 372 Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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