Open research questions in Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
328 gap statements mined from Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 2,283 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.
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What the literature leaves open
The need to isolate specific subamplitudes using kinematical cuts. The challenge of understanding the topology-dependent structure of the FD-gauge amplitudes.
All numerical results in this paper are at the tree level in the SM. The study considers only the standard model (SM). The analysis is limited to future TeV-scale lepton colliders.
The impact of different Regge behaviors on EFT bounds is not well understood. The assumption of t-channel dominance has not been previously explored in this context.
The lack of significant signal for the conservative scenario.
Prospects for discovering strongly decaying doubly heavy $T_{bc}$ tetraquark states at LHCb · 2026 · DOIFuture measurements can be improved by reducing the muon momentum calibration uncertainty. Future measurements can be improved by reducing the PDF uncertainties.
The paper suggests that future research should focus on the development of the μTRISTAN experiment. The paper highlights the need for further studies on the sensitivity of μTRISTAN to long lived scalars arising from exotic Higgs boson decays.
The paper identifies a research gap in the current LHC experimental program, which is the lack of experiments probing long lived particles arising from the exotic decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson. The paper highlights the need for a new experiment, such as μTRISTAN, to fill this gap.
Further analysis of the 2HDM-I is needed to fully understand its implications. The search for new Higgs bosons at the LHC should continue. Other possible extensions of the SM should be explored.
The process has a complex dependence on kinematic variables. Theoretical models have limitations, such as inherent assumptions and limited kinematic applicability. The ANN approach may not capture the underlying physics of the process.
Determination of the HERA coherent diffractive J∕ψ production cross-section via artificial neural network · 2026 · DOIThe model's performance is highly sensitive to data sampling variations. The ANN approach may not capture the underlying physics of the process. The model is limited to the kinematic range of the training data.
Determination of the HERA coherent diffractive J∕ψ production cross-section via artificial neural network · 2026 · DOINo small model parameters or cancellations are required in order to arrive at models that explain the small light neutrino masses while being within reach of the (HL-)LHC and future colliders and testable by precision experiments (e.g. on cLFV).
The search is limited to the CMS detector data. The paper uses a simplified model for sphaleron processes, neglecting gauge bosons.
Future research should focus on improving the sensitivity of the search for microscopic black holes and electroweak sphalerons. Future research should explore the use of advanced machine learning techniques in high-energy physics. Future research should investigate the implications of the results for our understanding of black hole formation and sphaleron transitions.
The Standard Model does not provide a first-principles derivation of the muon-electron mass ratio. A closed-form derivation of a dimensionless constant to three significant figures would be notable.
Algebraic derivation of the muon-electron mass ratio $m_\mu/m_e$ from discrete geometric boundaries · 2026 · DOIThe management system is yet to be settled. International collaboration can be formally started once CEPC is approved in China.
The signature remains masked in low-energy systems due to thermal decoherence and hadronization. The extremely short lifetime of the top quark (≈ 5 10^-25 s) makes it challenging to investigate.
The first full-simulation study of the H → τ+τ− process at a 10 TeV Muon Collider is presented, focusing on the fully τ hadronic decay channel.
Tau Lepton Reconstruction at the Muon Collider: Cross Section Measurement of the H → τ+τ− Process · 2026 · DOIThe super tau-charm factory will provide a unique opportunity for precision measurements of tau lepton properties. The improvement of measurements of tau lepton properties will have implications for testing the Standard Model and constraining new physics. The development of new experiments and the interpretation of their results will be influenced by the paper's results.
The precision of the strange spectral functions is very limited. The measurement of the tau lepton lifetime is unlikely to be competitive using traditional methods at the super tau-charm factory.
The SM has several flaws, including the inability to explain Dark Matter and neutrino masses. The 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type-I is a possible extension of the SM that can address these flaws.
Searches for Higgs boson CP violation will be a priority for future colliders, - A comprehensive overview of the prospects for characterizing anomalous Higgs boson couplings can be found in Ref.
Global SMEFT interpretations at the High-Luminosity LHC. Further studies of CP-odd observables in the top-quark sector. Investigations of the flavor structure of electroweak SMEFT couplings.
Indirect Probes of Electroweak Interactions in the Top-Quark Sector: Recent SMEFT Results from CMS · 2026 · DOIThe paper validates the SCETLIB + DYTURBO correction against standalone MINNLOPS predictions in Z → μμ events (Extended Data Fig. 5) but does not report comparison of the corrected pT predictions with alternative resummed calculations (MATRIX + RADISH, CuTe-MCFM) propagated through the full W boson mass extraction analysis with identical experimental systematics treatment, limiting quantification of theoretical…
Future work will focus on incorporating an advanced approach to systematic uncertainty estimation, exploring probabilistic models to quantify the uncertainty in ML-based fake factor predictions beyond simple statistical variations available through data resampling techniques…
Differing conventions and assumptions across the literature make the translation between parametrisations nontrivial, - A unified framework is needed for CP violating Higgs boson…
Most-cited papers in Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model · Physics Reports · 2020 · 1,196 citations
- Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm · Physical Review Letters · 2021 · 1,046 citations
- Leading hadronic contribution to the muon magnetic moment from lattice QCD · Nature · 2021 · 753 citations
- The Johnson-Neyman Technique, its Theory and Application · Psychometrika · 1950 · 634 citations
- FeynCalc 9.3: New features and improvements · Computer Physics Communications · 2020 · 611 citations
- New CTEQ global analysis of quantum chromodynamics with high-precision data from the LHC · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2021 · 577 citations
- g−2 of charged leptons, α(MZ2) , and the hyperfine splitting of muonium · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2020 · 504 citations
- Electron-ion collider in China · Frontiers of Physics · 2021 · 438 citations
- A new evaluation of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment and to $$\varvec{\alpha }({{\varvec{m}}}_{{\varvec{Z}}}^2)$$ · The European Physical Journal C · 2020 · 430 citations
- Parton distributions from LHC, HERA, Tevatron and fixed target data: MSHT20 PDFs · The European Physical Journal C · 2021 · 412 citations
Most recent work
- The muon magnetic moment and physics beyond the standard model · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · 2026
- The Decay That Must Happen: The Higgs as the First Three Rungs of the Tower, and the Forced Majorana Neutrino · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
- Conceptual design of the muonium-to-antimuonium conversion experiment (MACE) · Nuclear Science and Techniques · 2026
- The Muon's Anomaly: Dirac's g = 2 Forced, and the Anomalous Moment Scaling as the Lepton Mass-Squared · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
- Four to One: The Forced Lepton-Flavour-Violation Spectrum, a Forward Prediction the Experiments Have Not Yet Measured · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
- One Chain of Mass: Every Fermion's Mass on a Single Fold Chain, and the New Mass on the Horizon · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
- Accelerating multijet-merged event generation with neural network matrix element surrogates · SciPost Physics · 2026
- Matter Symmetries in Supersymmetric Standard Models from Noninvertible Selection Rules · Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics · 2026
- Disperon QED · SciPost Physics · 2026
- One-Octonion Brane-Bulk Framework - Omnibus Papers 0-CCCLXIV (September 2026) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
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