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Open research questions in Risk and Safety Analysis

191 gap statements mined from Risk and Safety Analysis papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,885 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The need for an integrated risk-based and workflow-driven approach to enhance the management of oil products logistics in complex port environments. The lack of a structured methodology for identifying and prioritizing vulnerabilities in multimodal logistics systems.

    Risk-Based Optimization of Multimodal Oil Product Operations Through Simulation and Workflow Modeling · 2025 · DOI

  • The need for a robust solution that integrates digital twin technology and artificial intelligence to enhance operational safety of hydrogen refueling stations. Prior work has proposed methods for locating hydrogen leakage and explored safety systems used at hydrogen refueling stations, but a comprehensive solution is lacking.

    Digital Twin-Based Hydrogen Refueling Station (HRS) Safety Model: CNN-Based Decision-Making and 3D Simulation · 2024 · DOI

  • Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies are fundamental to process safety but remain limited by their qualitative and text-based nature, which often hinders consistent hazard interpretation and prioritization.

    An explainable AI-driven expert system for risk level determination in process safety using sentiment analysis: A HAZOP study · 2026 · DOI

  • The proposed FRAM-SD methodological evolution provides a structured pathway to extend qualitative insights into a quantitative domain, addressing a key limitation in existing FRAM applications.

    Socio-technical safety barriers for hydrogen systems: An analytical strategy to manage emerging risks · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite its effectiveness, its generalizability for different case studies needs to be explored.

    Extending the dynamic and dependent tree theory ( D2T2 ) to safety barriers: An application to an offshore fire deluge system · 2025 · DOI

  • While the safety implications of other types of organizational change have been widely studied, the risks associated with ageing facility acquisitions remain under-investigated.

    How failures in interorganizational knowledge transfer impact process safety: Insights from the case study of an ageing offshore oil & gas facility acquisition · 2025 · DOI

  • However, to the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive and up-to-date literature review summarising the focus areas about safety barriers is still lacking.

    Machine learning-based literature review on the concept of safety barriers against hazardous events · 2024 · DOI

  • The effects of standardization are highly contextual, and the balance of benefits and shortcomings of specific regulatory regimes should be explored in each situation.

    Effects of standardization in risk management regulations for land-use planning related to process industries and transportation of dangerous goods · 2024 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on developing more comprehensive and generalizable models of industrial accidents. Future research should explore the application of the RQM to other industries and contexts. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of the recommended actions in reducing industrial accidents.

    Industrial Accident Analysis: A Quantitative Framework for Risk Modelling, Root Cause Classification, and Safety System Design — with Implications for the Spinning Industry · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of systematic, quantitative analysis of major industrial disasters. There is a need for a dedicated section on the translational value of these findings for the spinning industry. There is a gap in the classification of root causes of industrial accidents.

    Industrial Accident Analysis: A Quantitative Framework for Risk Modelling, Root Cause Classification, and Safety System Design — with Implications for the Spinning Industry · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper proposes that SSE can identify which risks or scenarios are 'acceptable to societal stakeholders' through normative prospections, but does not establish procedures for resolving conflicts when different stakeholder groups produce contradictory evaluations of desirable versus undesirable futures in the same technology domain.

    Scenario-based sociotechnical envisioning (SSE): an approach to enhance systemic risk assessments · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for a controlled vocabulary for accessibility and its relationship to various variables. The lack of a framework for understanding accessibility and its interactions with other variables.

    Accessibility Geometry Reference Stack: Reference A - Accessibility Variable Register · 2026 · DOI

  • The study addresses the need for a framework for evaluating and prioritizing risks in the industry.

    Supply Chain Risk Management Analysis Using the House of Risk (HOR) and Analytical Network Process (ANP) at PT XYZ · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to guarantee the validity and completeness of the AI-driven risk assessment framework. The paper suggests studying future AI trends, such as agentic AI, natural language processing (NLP), and explainable AI (XAI) approaches. The use of AI-driven risk assessment frameworks in various application areas, such as healthcare and smart cities, needs to be explored.

    AI driven risk assessment frameworks for it projects: state of the art, challenges and future direction · 2026 · DOI

  • The application of the TSE-Vul method revealed several procedural limitations, including the need for brief, structured training for experts to ensure correct application of the weighting and performance-evaluation steps. The study did not include a structured reflection or discussion round after the evaluations were completed.

    Quantitative scenario- and expert-based vulnerability assessment: transdisciplinary methodology and application in Germany’s health care system · 2026 · DOI

  • In the face of growing uncertainty and complexity in require industrial ecosystems, organizations decision-making tools that are not only integrated but also intelligent and adaptive. This study introduced a hybrid strategic evaluation framework designed to address these challenges by integrating the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), the OFAI method, and Bayesian Networks (BNs).

    A HYBRID STRATEGIC PROBABILISTIC FRAMEWORK FOR FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL IN INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY · 2026 · DOI

  • The study has some limitations, although it offers a baseline for risk assessment. First, the conclusions represent expert judgment, which is dependent on. A limited number of collaborating experts (n = 13) is the second constraint.

    Analysis of the Environmental Security Risks in the Black Sea: Türkiye’s Perspective · 2026 · DOI

  • SSE's proposed ability to contextualize impacts through lived experiences and socio-cultural factors is presented as addressing marginalized groups, but the paper does not specify selection mechanisms, inclusion protocols, or equity frameworks for ensuring that marginalized perspectives are systematically captured rather than incidentally included in scenario development.

    Scenario-based sociotechnical envisioning (SSE): an approach to enhance systemic risk assessments · 2026 · DOI

  • Setting risk standards for individual mission phases was ultimately found to be impractical. Many risks span multiple mission phases, making it difficult to determine when a hazard was introduced or when its effects would manifest. 5.3.2.

    Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) for Artemis and future space exploration programs · 2026 · DOI

  • The study relies on secondary sources due to limited forensic data access. Spatial analysis depends on publicly available satellite imagery rather than on-site GPS verification. Chemical analysis relies on theoretical models rather than direct forensic confirmation.

    CIANGSANA WAREHOUSE EXPLOSION: CHEMICAL DEGRADATION AND ZONING COMPLIANCE ANALYSIS · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of effective technical means prevents the utilization of historical data and knowledge, - The study does not provide a comprehensive comparison with other methods, - The model relies on expert knowledge and domain expertise, - The study focuses on a specific application domain…

    Fault Diagnosis for Key Nuclear Power Plant Systems and Equipment Based on Knowledge Graphs and Bayesian Networks · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigating the application of the proposed method to other domains, - Developing more advanced methods for structure and parameter learning, - Exploring the use of other machine learning techniques for fault diagnosis, - Analyzing the scalability of the proposed method for large-scale…

    Fault Diagnosis for Key Nuclear Power Plant Systems and Equipment Based on Knowledge Graphs and Bayesian Networks · 2026 · DOI

  • Empirical calibration of the relationships between variables. Development of governance tools and applied diagnostic frameworks based on the Accessibility Geometry framework.

    Accessibility Geometry Reference Stack: Reference A - Accessibility Variable Register · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies the challenge of developing general resilience, the capacity to cope with the unknown. The study also identifies the challenge of mitigating threat scenarios through targeted intervention scenarios. The study highlights the challenge of applying novel methodologies to assess vulnerability and develop targeted intervention scenarios.

    Quantitative scenario- and expert-based vulnerability assessment: transdisciplinary methodology and application in Germany’s health care system · 2026 · DOI

  • Quantitative validation, - Application-based case studies, - Integration with digital and AI-driven FMEA…

    Comparative Analysis of Classical AIAG and Harmonized AIAG–VDA FMEA Methodologies for Automotive Process and System Risk Management · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Risk and Safety Analysis

Most recent work

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies are fundamental to process safety but remain limited by their qualitative and text-based nature, which often hinders consistent hazard interpretation and prioritization (“An explainable AI-driven expert system for risk level determination in process…”, 2026); (2) Future research should focus on developing more comprehensive and generalizable models of industrial accidents (“Industrial Accident Analysis: A Quantitative Framework for Risk Modelling, Root…”, 2026); (3) The lack of a framework for understanding accessibility and its interactions with other variables (“Accessibility Geometry Reference Stack: Reference A - Accessibility Variable…”, 2026); (4) Further research is needed to guarantee the validity and completeness of the AI-driven risk assessment framework (“AI driven risk assessment frameworks for it projects: state of the art,…”, 2026); (5) The lack of a structured methodology for identifying and prioritizing vulnerabilities in multimodal logistics systems (“Risk-Based Optimization of Multimodal Oil Product Operations Through Simulation…”, 2025). 191 gap statements have been mined from Risk and Safety Analysis papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,885 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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