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Open research questions in Romani and Gypsy Studies

29 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,259 Romani and Gypsy Studies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • 161–184). (pp. A Ndomo, Q. (2024). The working underclass: Highly educated migrants on the fringes of the Finnish labour market [Doctoral dissertation, University of Jyväskylä]. JYU Dissertations. Neyer, A. K., & Harzing, A. W. (2008). The impact of culture on interactions: Five lessons learned from the European Commission. European Management Journal, 26(5), 325– 334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2008.05.005 248 Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 2026, Vol.13, No. 3, 229-251 http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/2148 Copyright 2025 ISSN: 2149-1291 Ng, E., Fitzsimmons, T., Kulkarni, M., Ozturk, M. B., April, K., Banerjee, R., & Muhr, S. L. (2025). The anti-DEI agenda: Navigating the impact of Trump’s second term on diversity, equity and inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 44(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2025-0116 Nguyen, L. A., Evan, R., Chaudhuri, S., Hagen, M., & Williams, D. (2023). Inclusion in the workplace: An integrative literature review. European Journal of Training and Development. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-10-2022- 0104 Nichols, S., & Virsinger, P. (2021). “Always standing on the fragile side of ice”: Immigrants’ Report.

    Experiences of Finnish Public Services: Barriers to Cultural Inclusion for Iranian Migrant Women · 2026 · DOI

  • Addressing a gap in the literature on Roma feminism, antigypsyism and education during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study documents the feminist action Roma women took to sustain their communities' and their own education during lockdown.

    Roma Women and Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic · 2026 · DOI

  • Our research relied on a culturally and linguistically homogeneous sample, and its cross-sectional nature does not allow for tracking the long-term dynamics of code-reduction. Men, migrants from different ethnic backgrounds, and individuals from various social strata may follow different linguistic strategies and patterns of adaptation. Further longitudinal and comparative studies involving migrant groups with different social backgrounds, genders, and linguistic profiles are needed to understand which mechanisms of code-reduction are universal and which are group-specific. A further limitation of the study is that participants’ German proficiency was self-reported, the sample was recruited through snowball sampling, and the analysis did not include direct observations or recordings of participants’ German-language interactions. Our research highlights important correlations; however, its results can be interpreted with only limited certainty regarding the specific population and research context examined. The causal relationships underlying the development of linguistic identity, as well as the long- term consequences of code-reduction, require further investigation through studies employing larger samples and longitudinal designs. It is important to note that at the time of the interviews, a significant proportion of the women studied were at the beginning of their migration journey, which is a very important limitation from a linguistic perspective. The conclusions thus primarily apply to the early stages of migration. By its very nature, the interview setting may skew the subjects’ statements toward an elaborate code: the need for self-presentation and coherent narrative construction, an implicit expectation in the interview genre, generates a higher level of reflexivity than in everyday communication. In addition, the quoted interview excerpts were translated from Hungarian into English, and the study does not include the perspectives of Austrian employers, institutional actors, or German-speaking interaction partners, which limits what can be concluded about how participants’ perceived code reduction is externally evaluated in labour-market or institutional contexts. Applying the concept of code reduction introduced in this study to a migration context constitutes a theoretical novelty. Its strength lies in its potential to provide a new explanatory framework for interpreting linguistic experiences of migration; however, it requires further empirical testing in various social and linguistic contexts. Acknowledgement Statement: The authors would like to thank all listed authors and Fruzsina Tóth, who assisted with the collection of interview data.

    Perceived Expressive Reduction in German: Identity, Affect, and Social Relations among Highly Educated Hungarian Migrant Women in Vienna · 2026 · DOI

  • But has this backlash (if it really happened) entailed a corresponding change in public opinion on LGBT issues? Surprisingly, the dynamics of public attitudes towards the LGBT community and their rights remain unexplored.

    The Revolution of Dignity and instrumentalisation of LGBT rights: How did attitudes towards LGBT people change in Ukraine after Euromaidan? · 2021 · DOI

  • While many educational reforms were targeted to increase Roma students' attendance and results -schools with Roma language teaching, textbooks in Roma native language, affirmative actions for high school and university students of Roma origin -it's an open question as to whether the Romanian textbooks are sufficiently inclusive and effective in combating racial discrimination and stereotyping.

    THE PRESENCE OF ROMA LIFE’S EXPERIENCES, TRADITIONS AND HISTORY IN THE ROMANIAN TEXTBOOKS – A CONTENT ANALYSIS FROM A SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE · 2020 · DOI

  • In order to address this lack of evidence, this paper explores the connection between cultural participation and civic participation in Italy using Likert-scale data collected in the ISTAT “Aspetti della Vita Quotidiana” Survey (2014).

    Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy · 2020 · DOI

  • Design/ methodology/ approach: Research reviews of articles and research study, that will summarise and identify common themes and gaps in the literature without using statistical techniques and a brief examination of the social exclusion and social cohesion in Europe, with distinguish between poverty and social exclusion.

    A Conceptual Framework Review of Social Exclusion, and its Relation with Social Cohesion and Poverty in Europe · 2011 · DOI

  • Despite of the difficulty of determining whether people were born or socialised into a particular fajta, kinship in a Roma settlement should be studied within the wider organisational complex that on the one hand makes some people related and homogenous and on the other hand excludes other people from this relatedness.

    Fajta and the Nature of Kinship among the Inhabitants of Roma Settlements in Eastern Slovakia · 2010 · DOI

  • Despite numerous policy initiatives, evidence on the effectiveness of active labor market policies (ALMPs) targeting ethnic minorities remains scarce, largely due to the absence of ethnicity-disaggregated data.

    Social inclusion of Roma through active labor market policies in Serbia · 2026 · DOI

  • This is precisely the situation that characterizes the life contexts of Roma women, whose emancipation, despite the existing history of research, remains insufficiently known, especially in the context of creating deeper and more comprehensive insights into their struggles and achievements.

    Erasing boundaries: Researching the emancipation process of Roma women within the framework of the heroines project · 2025 · DOI

  • As a result of historical racism and stigmatization for Roma people, living their lives spatially segregated in extreme poverty, opportunities for individual, vertical social mobility are limited by a myriad of structural factors.

    Aspirations versus reality: Factors influencing the vertical social mobility of urban Roma mothers living in extreme poverty · 2025 · DOI

  • The issue of intercultural negociation among ethnic minorities in border areas has been widely debated in the social sciences, but the roles played by spatial vicinity and cultural proximity in influencing ethnic membership in borderland areas is still under-researched.

    TOWARDS A REGIONAL CROSSOVER MODEL? THE ROLES PLAYED BY SPATIAL VICINITY AND CULTURAL PROXIMITY AMONG ETHNIC MINORITIES IN AN EAST-CENTRAL EUROPEAN BORDERLAND · 2023 · DOI

  • Findings suggest that, in addition to microsystemic variables such as material deprivation, mesosystemic predictors such as those examining contact with non-Roma parents may play an important role in shaping Roma mothers’ educational aspirations and need to be further examined.

    Predictors of educational aspirations of Roma mothers in Czech Republic, Greece, and Portugal · 2023 · DOI

  • This study examines the inextricable (and understudied) link between ethnicity, gender, power, and space, to assess how gender and power relations operate in, and mark, the ethnic spaces of one community of Roma in Romania.

    Power, Gender, and Ethnic Spaces · 2015 · DOI

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29 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,259 Romani and Gypsy Studies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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