The study aims to address the gap in research

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the recommendations and inline gaps and stated research gap of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2022 and 2026, spanning 4 journals.

Supporting evidence — 5 representative gaps

• Challenges in Teaching English Essay Writing to Secondary School Students: A Case Study of G.S. Karambo in Karongi District (2026) · East African Journal of Education Studies · doi

  Based on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were proposed: • Provide Adequate Instructional Materials and Resources: Educational authorities and school management should ensure that English are well-equipped with departments textbooks, writing manuals, model essays, and digital learning tools to support effective essay writing instruction. • Reduce Class Sizes and Improve Time Allocation: To enable personalised guidance and feedback, the Ministry of Education reduce should overcrowded classrooms and allocate more instructional time to writing lessons.

  generalrecommendationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: writing instructional reduce time based conclusions following recommendations proposed provide adequate materials resources educational authorities
• Teaching persuasive essay writing online to first-year undergraduates: A phenomenological study of instructional design and learning experiences (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi

  Future research may examine similar instructional initiatives used in other components of English writing and may employ quantitative or mixed-method approaches with larger samples to investigate their effectiveness across different contexts. In addition, future studies may examine how contextual factors, such as access to technology and institutional support, shape learning outcomes in online environ- ments. In addition, the study did not include performance-based measures such as writing samples or rubric scores; therefore, the findings are limited to participants’ reported experiences rather than objective measures of learning outcomes. As these conditions may not be present in all educational settings, caution is warranted when considering the applicability of the findings beyond the study context.

  generalinline gapsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: future examine writing samples addition learning outcomes measures similar instructional initiatives used components english employ
• Conversations in Process: Two Dynamic Program Builders Talk about Adapting WAC for Trilingual Hong Kong (2022) · The WAC Journal · doi

  Our individual experiences, combined with insights from the CCCC OWI Position Statement of Principles and Example Effective Practices for Online Writing Instruction, provide a starting point for faculty seeking to undergo similar transformational practices and for further research into Flashback: Translation, Transformation, and “Taking it Back” 93 the effectiveness of these particular practices in relation to WAC anywhere on the F2F-online spectrum. Additional research on the effectiveness of using multi-modal ele- ments should be conducted to understand the specific relationships between multi- modal instruction and increased writing competencies across the curriculum.

  generalinline gapsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: practices online writing instruction effectiveness multi modal individual experiences combined insights cccc position statement principles
• Feminist Rhetorics in Writing Across the Curriculum: Supporting Students as Agents of Change (2022) · The WAC Journal · doi

  Our individual experiences, combined with insights from the CCCC OWI Position Statement of Principles and Example Effective Practices for Online Writing Instruction, provide a starting point for faculty seeking to undergo similar transformational practices and for further research into Flashback: Translation, Transformation, and “Taking it Back” 93 the effectiveness of these particular practices in relation to WAC anywhere on the F2F-online spectrum. Additional research on the effectiveness of using multi-modal ele- ments should be conducted to understand the specific relationships between multi- modal instruction and increased writing competencies across the curriculum.

  generalinline gapsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: practices online writing instruction effectiveness multi modal individual experiences combined insights cccc position statement principles
• Exploiting ChatGPT to Enhance English as a Foreign Language Learning Among University Students in Vietnam (2026) · Computer-Assisted Language Learning Electronic Journal · doi

  The study aims to address the gap in research on the effectiveness of ChatGPT in supporting EFL learning. The research gap is identified as the need to explore the impact of ChatGPT on students' writing performance, particularly grammar, vocabulary, and coherence. The study aims to provide insights into how ChatGPT can be effectively integrated into autonomous learning contexts.

  generalstated research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study aims address gap research effectiveness chatgpt supporting

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