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Open research questions in Dental Erosion and Treatment

169 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 5,380 Dental Erosion and Treatment papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Future research should focus on well-designed in vivo trials with standardized protocols to evaluate long-term color stability, restoration durability, and patient-centered esthetic outcomes following SDF treatment. This review is limited by the exclusive inclusion of in vitro studies, which may not fully replicate clinical conditions such as saliva and the oral microbiome.

    Effectiveness of Tooth-colored Restorative Materials in Masking Discoloration Caused by Silver Diamine Fluoride: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies · 2026 · DOI

  • The results of Aqeel’s study showed that copal varnish and dentin bonding agents are equally good in terms of effectiveness and reduction of postoperative sensitivity in Class I amalgam restorations (I damage limited to the outer third of the dentin) [Aqeel S et al.

    Cyanoacrylate vs. dentin bonding on reducing dental sensitivity · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on in vivo validation, long-term antimicrobial efficacy, and comparative studies with other nanoparticles or antibacterial agents to optimize clinical application in orthodontics. However, the findings are limited to in vitro conditions and do not account for factors such as salivary flow, dietary variations, and long-term ion release in the oral cavi- ty.

    Caries Direction Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Containing Cement for the Management of Orthodontic Teeth against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should explore the efficacy of this herbal cleanser across a broader range of prosthetic materials. Further research is warranted to explore the specific mechanisms underlying G. Additionally, the scope of this study was limited to acrylic denture materials, excluding other commonly used dental materials.

    Antibacterial properties of herbal denture cleanser based on Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaves · 2026 · DOI

  • Within the in situ study, increasing the frequency of SDF application may improve dentinal tubule occlusion; however, its clinical effectiveness in managing dentine hypersensitivity should be validated in future clinical studies.

    38% silver diamine fluoride for dentine hypersensitivity treatment: an in situ study · 2026 · DOI

  • The future of Bioglass 45S5 in dentistry is likely to be shaped by several converging developments. Additive manufac‑ turing (3D printing) of personalized 45S5‑polymer scaffolds tailored to individual anatomical defects is advancing rapidly from proof‑of‑concept to clinical feasibility, with early case series reporting successful integration in mandibular defect reconstruction (49,50). In parallel, the integration of 3D bioprinting with organoid culture technology holds potential for constructing more physiologically faithful tissue models that better replicate the complex cell‑matrix interactions of oral tissues; recent advances in this domain may inform future scaffold design strategies for dental regeneration (51). The integration of growth factors, including recombinant human BMP‑2, platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB and enamel matrix derivative, into 45S5 mesoporous carriers may enable combi‑ natorial regenerative strategies with synergistic effects that surpass those of individual agents (52). Nano‑scale 45S5 formulations are opening new frontiers in preventive and restorative dentistry. Nano‑45S5‑containing composites, adhesives and glass ionomers that actively remin‑ eralize the tooth‑restoration interface may fundamentally alter secondary caries management and improve restoration longevity. Similarly, smart delivery systems exploiting the pH‑responsive dissolution of 45S5, releasing therapeutic ions selectively in response to acidic cariogenic challenge, represent a promising direction for autonomous preventive materials (53). In regenerative endodontics, 45S5‑based scaffolds supporting dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) homing, proliferation and differentiation may enable biological pulp regeneration in immature teeth with necrotic pulps, providing an alternative to apexification procedures. Since the isolation and character‑ ization of postnatal human DPSCs (54), preliminary studies have shown that these cells cultured on BG scaffolds undergo odontogenic differentiation and form mineralized matrices both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the integration of antibacterial ion‑doped 45S5 formulations into implant surfaces and regenerative membranes may address the unmet clinical need for infec‑ tion‑resistant biomaterials in peri‑implantitis and post‑surgical infection management, representing one of the most impactful near‑term translational opportunities.

    Bioglass 45S5 in dentistry: Current evidence, clinical applications and future perspectives (Review) · 2026 · DOI

  • Objective: Several studies have highlighted the toxic potential of bisphenol A (BPA), however, BPA release from orthopedic devices remains poorly investigated.

    Bisphenol A release in the saliva of children with Haas expanders · 2024 · DOI

  • Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the addition of different materials to SDF has proven to be a beneficial strategy for overcoming tooth staining associated with SDF.

    Approaches to minimize tooth staining associated with silver diamine fluoride: A systematic review · 2023 · DOI

  • Conclusion: Based on the limitations of this study, it can be concluded power bleaching with 980nm diode laser was less time-consuming compare to conventional bleaching procedure and yielded better outcomes in terms of enamel surface microhardness compared to the use of an LED light-curing unit.

    Effect of conventional and power office bleaching with diode laser and led light on enamel microhardness · 2022 · DOI

  • Conclusion: Within the limitations of the current study, CHX with ADS may aid in avoiding stains caused due to use of CHX mouthwash, thereby making it more acceptable for patients.

    Assessment of color changes in teeth and composite resins under the influence of chlorhexidine with and without anti-discoloration system: An in vitro study · 2022 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The review aims to fill the gap in literature by comparing the efficacy of herbal and chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes towards oral hygiene maintenance (OHM) in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment (OT).

    Efficacy of herbal‐ versus chlorhexidine‐based mouthwashes towards oral hygiene maintenance in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis · 2021 · DOI

  • Background Various chemical disinfection protocols to clean the removable dental prosthesis are reported in the literature, however systematic reviews analysing the outcomes in the surface roughness of the PMMA are lacking.

    Surface roughness of acrylic resins used for denture base after chemical disinfection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis · 2021 · DOI

  • Drying properties of forensically relevant biological materials including saliva are lacking research despite being known to affect casework-relevant phenomena, including DNA transfer.

    Drying properties and DNA content of saliva samples taken before, during and after chewing gum · 2021 · DOI

  • Though desensitization remains to be the first choice for DHS for many dental practitioners and most of desensitizing agents reduce the symptoms of DHS by occluding patent dentinal tubules, the long-term outcome of such treatment is uncertain.

    Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of dentin hypersensitivity: an evidence-based overview for dental practitioners · 2020 · DOI

  • Although tooth wear prevalence is over 30% of the population in early adulthood and increases as individual's age, the impact on the dentition is poorly investigated in longitudinal clinical studies.

    Tooth Wear: Best Evidence Consensus Statement · 2020 · DOI

  • Conclusions Although some studies reported a positive effect, insufficient evidence exists supporting a tangible clinical benefit of SDF + KI treatment on the tooth staining, mainly due to methodical variations within the current literature.

    Does potassium iodide application following silver diamine fluoride reduce staining of tooth? A systematic review · 2020 · DOI

  • Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, incorporation of 2% arginine in 600-ppm NaF child formula dentifrice enhanced the remineralization potential of artificial enamel caries, to a level comparable to 1100-ppm NaF adult formula dentifrice.

    Enhancing the Remineralization Potential of Child Formula Dentifrices: An In Vitro Study · 2019 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an esthetic setback for the patient as well as for the dentist, treatment options for MIH includes minimally invasive techniques like microabrasion which has a limited literature of its effect.

    In vivo comparative evaluation of esthetics after microabrasion and microabrasion followed by casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate on molar incisor hypomineralization-affected incisors · 2019 · DOI

  • Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that vinegar and hydrogen peroxide, as alternative disinfectant solutions for acrylic resin devices, did not promote deleterious effects on microhardness and polishing of a heat-cured acrylic resin used for the fabrication of prostheses, neither in the medium term nor the long term.

    Effect of immersion in various disinfectant solutions on the properties of a heat-cured acrylic resin · 2019 · DOI

  • 001)<br><b>Conclusion:</b> Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded resin infiltration (ICON<sup>®</sup>) can improve the esthetic characteristics of WSLs.

    Spectrophotometric evaluation of white spot lesion treatment using novel resin infiltration material (ICON<sup>®</sup>) · 2018 · DOI

  • CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, dentin caries on approximal surfaces could be detected equally well by the LF pen as by the bitewing radiographs.

    Pen-type laser fluorescence device versus bitewing radiographs for caries detection on approximal surfaces · 2016 · DOI

  • Rationale for the planning of oral rehabilitation of patients with SB presenting severe tooth wear should rely on evidence-based approaches; however, few studies have discussed properties of dental materials for SB rehabilitation and how to cosmetically manage severe tooth wear.

    Sleep bruxism: challenges and restorative solutions · 2016 · DOI

  • CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study (including the severe imbalance in the amount of evidence), dentifrices containing triclosan-copolymer or chlorhexidine and mouthrinses containing essential oils or chlorhexidine showed the greatest effect on PlI scores as assessed with NMA.

    Efficacy of adjunctive anti‐plaque chemical agents: a systematic review and network meta‐analyses of the Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein plaque index · 2016 · DOI

  • Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that bleaching with Zoom gel (25% hydrogen peroxide) did not cause major surface texture changes on the restorative materials.

    Evaluation effect of an in-office zoom bleaching gel agent on the surface texture of three contemporary restorative materials · 2015 · DOI

  • The PMMA incorporated with nanoparticles of silver (NanoAg-I-PMMA) and NanoAg in situ in PMMA (NanoAg-IS-PMMA) have been shown to control the growth of cariogenic bacteria, but clinical trial of anti-cariogenic application of these novel materials in orthodontics has not been evaluated.

    Effects of Baseplates of Orthodontic Appliances with in situ generated Silver Nanoparticles on Cariogenic Bacteria: A Randomized, Doubleblind Cross-over Clinical Trial · 2015 · DOI

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169 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 5,380 Dental Erosion and Treatment papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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