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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Research topic

Open research questions in Fibroblast Growth Factor Research

111 gap statements mined from Fibroblast Growth Factor Research papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 521 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • Lack of understanding of mechanisms of acquired resistance to pemigatinib in MLN-FGFR1. Limited knowledge of the efficacy of alternative FGFR1 inhibitors in overcoming TKD-associated resistance. Need for further research to define the frequency of FGFR1 TKD mutations and to assess the efficacy of alternative FGFR1 inhibitors.

    The FGFR1 N546K mutation confers resistance to pemigatinib in MLN-ZMYM2::FGFR1 · 2026 · DOI

  • Metabolic disorders are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

    Distinct alterations of adiponectin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF‐21), and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP‐2) link dysmetabolism with cognitive decline across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the expression pattern and biological role of circFGFR2 in prostate cancer tissues remain unclear.

    Knockdown of circFGFR2 inhibits prostate cancer cell metastasis and proliferation by targeting miR-221-5p/ SMUG1 pathway..... · 2026 · DOI

  • Limited data exist on the global prevalence of FGFR2b overexpression in advanced G/GEJC using a validated assay.

    Global prevalence of FGFR2b protein overexpression in advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction cancers: pooled analysis of two bemarituzumab phase III studies · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the functional role of FGF21 in the aging brain and its influence on lactate homeostasis remains unclear until now.

    Acceleration of Lactate Uptake and Utilization Contributes to Neuroprotective Action of FGF21 Involved in Naturally Aging Mice · 2026 · DOI

  • Although HS has been suggested to modulate FGF/FGFR signaling as a coreceptor, multiple hypotheses exist regarding how HS affects FGF/FGFR signaling and the mechanism remains unclear.

    Developing FGF2 Mutants with Selectively Reduced Heparan Sulfate Affinity to Explore their Impact on FGFR1 Signaling · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the role of FGF21 in modulating environmental and behavioural factors driving alcohol consumption-such as cue-driven responses and effortful actions to obtain alcohol-and its effects on neural activity related to consumption, remain unclear.

    FGF21 analogue PF-05231023 on alcohol consumption and neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens · 2025 · DOI

  • However, detailed mechanisms underlying receptor-specific interactions remain unclear.

    Fibroblast growth factor 16: Molecular mechanisms, signalling crosstalk, and emerging roles in cardiac biology and metabolic regulation · 2025 · DOI

  • Despite the increasing approval and ongoing clinical trials of FGFR-targeted therapies, accurately detecting FGFR fusions remains a challenge due to limited research, low incidence rates, complex fusion partner distribution, and unique kinase domain distribution.

    Illuminating the FGFR fusion landscape in Chinese patients: unveiling novel molecular insights and clinical implications · 2025 · DOI

  • While significant progress has been made in identifying splicing regulators that govern FGFR pre-mRNA processing, the extracellular cues influencing this process and the reciprocal impact of FGFR signaling pathway on global splicing networks remain underexplored.

    Unraveling the FGFR–RNA splicing axis: Mechanisms, oncogenic crosstalks and innovations for therapeutic purpose · 2025 · DOI

  • Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations are established therapeutic targets in cholangiocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma but remain understudied in colorectal cancer (CRC).

    FGFR1-amplified colorectal cancer: a distinct prognostic subtype identified through integrated genomic and immunohistochemical profiling · 2025 · DOI

  • Clinical trials have demonstrated Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) antihypertensive effects, yet their underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.

    Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Ameliorate Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Vascular Injury by Upregulating FGF21 · 2025 · DOI

  • Aberrant FGFR signaling has been implicated in TNBC; however, the therapeutic potential of targeting FGFRs for TNBC treatment remains unclear.

    Erdafitinib inhibits the tumorigenicity of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells by inducing TRIM25/ubiquitin-dependent degradation of FGFR4 · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the role of FGF signaling within cancer metabolism is not well understood.

    The role of fibroblast growth factors in cell and cancer metabolism · 2025 · DOI

  • RUNX2 has emerged as a protein related to aggressiveness in triple-negative BrCa, however its role in luminal tumors remains elusive.

    FGFR2 ‐ RUNX2 activation: An unexplored therapeutic pathway in luminal breast cancer related to tumor progression · 2024 · DOI

  • Asymmetric Bis-chalcone compounds have not been reported before, which might be attributed to the synthetic challenges involved, and it remains unknown whether these compounds possess any potential pharmacological activities.

    Synthesis and Anti-gastric Cancer Activity by Targeting FGFR1 Pathway of Novel Asymmetric Bis-chalcone Compounds · 2024 · DOI

  • Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) play a crucial role in various types of cancer, yet their efficacy as therapeutic targets remains uncertain due to a significant portion of patients exhibiting resistance to FGFR inhibitors.

    47P Integration of miRNA profiles and p53 mutations as biomarkers for predicting sensitivity and resistance to FGFR inhibitor CPL110 in cancer therapy · 2024 · DOI

  • However, the regulatory mechanisms of FGF21 in hepatic I/R injury remains unknown.

    FGF21 protects against ischaemia reperfusion injury in normal and fatty livers · 2024 · DOI

  • Conflicting data have been published on the role of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in this effect.

    Prolonged FGF21 treatment increases energy expenditure and induces weight loss in obese mice independently of UCP1 and adrenergic signaling · 2024 · DOI

  • The effect of glucagon agonism on FGF21 and GDF15 levels remains uncertain, especially in the context of elevated insulin levels commonly observed in metabolic diseases.

    Glucagon augments the secretion of FGF21 and GDF15 in MASLD by indirect mechanisms · 2024 · DOI

  • The molecular mechanisms governing vascular restenosis are not fully elucidated. Specific, effective pharmacotherapies are still lacking. A systematic synthesis and integration of the knowledge on restenosis is lacking.

    Neointimal hyperplasia and vascular restenosis: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic interventions · 2026 · DOI

  • The benefits of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor therapy in several malignancies are often limited by the emergence of drug resistance.

    Involvement of Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPROt in Acquired Resistance to FGFR Inhibitor Therapy in Colorectal Cancer · 2026 · DOI

  • Although FGF21 analogs are used for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome in humans, preclinical and clinical studies have elicited mixed results about whether prolonged FGF21 signaling is protective or detrimental for cardiac function.

    Hepato-cardiac interorgan communication controls cardiac hypertrophy via combined endocrine-autocrine FGF21 signaling · 2025 · DOI

  • Sea turtles are constantly exposed to changes in oxygen tension derived from extended breath-hold diving, but the cellular-level response to such changes is not completely understood.

    Hypoxia Exposure Fine-Tunes Mitochondrial Function in Primary Dermal Fibroblasts Derived from Loggerhead Sea Turtles · 2024 · DOI

  • Futibatinib demonstrated modest antitumor activity with a safety profile consistent with previous reports in patients with gastric or GEJ cancer harboring FGFR2 amplifications, potentially warranting further investigation.

    Phase 2 study of futibatinib in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer harboring FGFR2 amplifications · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Fibroblast Growth Factor Research

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Lack of understanding of mechanisms of acquired resistance to pemigatinib in MLN-FGFR1 (“The FGFR1 N546K mutation confers resistance to pemigatinib in MLN-ZMYM2::FGFR1”, 2026); (2) Metabolic disorders are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although underlying mechanisms remain unclear (“Distinct alterations of adiponectin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF‐21), and…”, 2026); (3) The expression pattern and biological role of circFGFR2 in prostate cancer tissues remain unclear (“Knockdown of circFGFR2 inhibits prostate cancer cell metastasis and…”, 2026); (4) The functional role of FGF21 in the aging brain and its influence on lactate homeostasis remains unclear until now (“Acceleration of Lactate Uptake and Utilization Contributes to Neuroprotective…”, 2026); (5) The molecular mechanisms governing vascular restenosis are not fully elucidated (“Neointimal hyperplasia and vascular restenosis: from molecular mechanisms to…”, 2026). 111 gap statements have been mined from Fibroblast Growth Factor Research papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 521 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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