Open research questions in Hydrogen Storage and Materials
153 gap statements mined from Hydrogen Storage and Materials papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,931 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.
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What the literature leaves open
The paper identifies the need to improve the electrochemical performance of hydrogen storage alloys. It highlights the importance of optimizing the sintering time for LaMgNi3.9Co0.1 alloy.
Effect of Sintering Duration on Phase Structure and Electrochemical Performance of LaMgNi3.9Co0.1 Hydrogen Storage Alloy · 2026 · DOIThe lack of understanding of the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of composites derived from alloy glass in the system of Zr-Pd-Pt. The need for novel materials that can absorb and store hydrogen efficiently. The potential of metallic glassy materials in hydrogen storage applications is underexplored.
Microstructure and Hydrogen Storage Properties of Composites Derived from Oxidized Alloy Glass in the System of Zr-Pd-Pt · 2025 · DOIThe need to concentrate on specific positions of the sample. The challenge of separating the pores, background, and sample in the absorption tomography measurements.
Three-Dimensional Distribution of Titanium Hydrides After Degradation of Magnesium/Titanium Hybrid Implant Material—A Study by X-Ray Diffraction Contrast Tomography · 2025 · DOIThe sample size is limited. The measurements were conducted on half of the sample length. The X-ray diffraction tomography measurements were time-consuming, taking approximately 2 h per line. The synchrotron experiments required specific sample preparation and equipment.
Three-Dimensional Distribution of Titanium Hydrides After Degradation of Magnesium/Titanium Hybrid Implant Material—A Study by X-Ray Diffraction Contrast Tomography · 2025 · DOIIncreased investment in basic research is needed. Focused efforts on key core technologies are required. Streamlining the industry chain from materials to systems is necessary. Collaborative innovation between government, industry, academia, and researchers is needed.
The cost and performance of solid-state hydrogen storage are not yet fully competitive. There is a lack of collaborative innovation mechanism for the entire chain of materials, equipment, and systems in China.
The high thermodynamic stability of magnesium hydride and limited cycle life are also significant challenges. There is a need for fundamental understanding of hydrogen storage mechanisms and development of novel alloy compositions.
Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys: Advances, Strategies, and Future Outlook for Clean Energy Applications · 2024 · DOIMost review articles on LH2 storage are simply collections of previous articles. The need for a critical evaluation of research articles on LH2 storage. The lack of discussion on boil-off losses during LH2 transportation.
Although alloying elements in Ti have been experimentally observed to affect the dissolution and diffusion of H, the distinct roles of common dopants remain unclear.
The Roles of Aluminum, Magnesium, and Vanadium on the Dissolution and Diffusion Properties of Hydrogen in Titanium Hydrides · 2026 · DOIDespite extensive studies on cycloalkane and cycloalkene dehydrogenation for liquid organic hydrogen carrier applications, the mechanisms governing selective H2 release under mild conditions remain poorly understood.
Oxygen-Promoted Dehydrogenation on Size-Selected Cu–Pd Pentamer Clusters for Low-Temperature Hydrogen Release from Cyclic Hydrocarbons · 2026 · DOIAqueous ammonium-ion batteries offer a promising platform for safe and sustainable electrochemical energy storage, yet the coupled physicochemical mechanisms governing NH₄⁺ transport, interfacial interactions, and spatial charge-storage behavior remain insufficiently understood.
Hydrogen-bond-mediated ion transport and reaction-field dynamics in porous Co₉S₈/CNT cathodes for ammonium storage · 2026 · DOIKey technological challenges such as hydrogen storage and transportation must be addressed before a hydrogen-based economy can be realized. The adsorption of hydrogen in porous geological materials is not well understood.
The lack of efficient and scalable hydrogen storage systems is a significant challenge for the widespread adoption of hydrogen fuel cells. The development of new materials and techniques to improve the kinetics and thermodynamics of metal hydrides is necessary.
Review: next-generation metal hydride systems for sustainable hydrogen storage—kinetics, nanostructuring, and intelligent materials discovery · 2026 · DOIThe lack of sustainable and cost-effective catalytic systems for hydrogen energy technologies. The limited understanding of non-noble metal catalysis for hydrogen production. The need for efficient and durable catalysts for sodium borohydride methanolysis.
Non-noble metal catalysis for environmental benign energy: Ni-Co nanoferrites for high-rate hydrogen generation · 2026 · DOITheoretical calculations are challenging due to the complexity of the systems. Experimental results are needed to confirm the theoretical calculations.
Electronic, mechanical and hydrogen storage properties of dynamically stable BeAH3 (A = Al, Si, P, S and Cl) hydrides with zero point energy correction · 2026 · DOIThere is a need to study the properties of BeAH3 hydrides. The potential of perovskite hydride materials for energy storage is not fully understood.
Electronic, mechanical and hydrogen storage properties of dynamically stable BeAH3 (A = Al, Si, P, S and Cl) hydrides with zero point energy correction · 2026 · DOIWhile high-pressure torsion (HPT) enhances kinetics through microstructural refinement, and nickel addition provides catalytic effects, their combined influence on hydrogen storage performance remains insufficiently characterized.
Non-stoichiometric Mg-Ni composites for hydrogen storage: role of in-situ Mg2Ni formation in enhancing hydrogen sorption performance · 2026 · DOIThere was a lack of testing facilities capable of evaluating the mechanical properties of materials under liquefied hydrogen conditions. The range of testable conditions was limited toward lower temperatures.
Toward the Establishment of a Materials Property Evaluation Foundation and a Materials Database to Support Research and Development of Liquefied Hydrogen-Related Equipment · 2026 · DOIThe lack of understanding of the hydrogen adsorption mechanism in the Na-decorated Al4N4O2 nanocluster. The need for a comprehensive study of the geometric, electronic, and thermochemical properties of hydrogen interaction with the Al4N4O2Na4 nanocluster.
High-capacity reversible hydrogen storage in Na-decorated Al–N–O nanocluster: a DFT-D3 study · 2026 · DOIOne challenge is the difficulty of characterizing hydrogen transport networks directly, rather than inferring them from final sorption curves. Another challenge is the need to balance competing requirements such as gravimetric and volumetric density, safe operating conditions, and sufficient structural stability.
Engineering Hydrogen Transport Networks in Mg-Based Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: From Activated Interfaces to Hierarchical Architectures · 2026 · DOIDespite substantial efforts to identify potential candidates, including d -block metals like Ru and Pd, fundamental aspects of dynamic interplay of activation and spillover processes are still inadequately understood, hindering efficient hydrogenation reactions and high-capacity chemical hydrogen storage.
Further research and the development of efficient and sustainable hydrogen storage…
Further development of MgH2-based systems through nano-sizing and catalyst doping. Investigation of the synergistic effect of combining nano-sizing with multi-catalyst systems. Exploration of new materials and techniques to improve the kinetics and thermodynamics of metal hydrides.
Review: next-generation metal hydride systems for sustainable hydrogen storage—kinetics, nanostructuring, and intelligent materials discovery · 2026 · DOIInvestigating the scalability of the sol-gel route for industrial-scale hydrogen production. Exploring the application of Ni-Co nanoferrites in other energy-related fields. Developing new catalysts with improved properties and durability.
Non-noble metal catalysis for environmental benign energy: Ni-Co nanoferrites for high-rate hydrogen generation · 2026 · DOIExperimental validation of the results. Investigation of the scalability of the Na-decorated Al4N4O2 nanocluster for hydrogen storage applications. Development of new materials based on the insights gained from this study.
High-capacity reversible hydrogen storage in Na-decorated Al–N–O nanocluster: a DFT-D3 study · 2026 · DOI
Most-cited papers in Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications · Nature · 2001 · 8,232 citations
- Enabling large-scale hydrogen storage in porous media – the scientific challenges · Energy & Environmental Science · 2021 · 1,051 citations
- Hydrogen storage technologies for stationary and mobile applications: Review, analysis and perspectives · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · 2021 · 827 citations
- A critical review on the current technologies for the generation, storage, and transportation of hydrogen · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2022 · 656 citations
- Hydrogen liquefaction and storage: Recent progress and perspectives · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · 2023 · 555 citations
- Thermodynamics and kinetics of hydriding and dehydriding reactions in Mg-based hydrogen storage materials · Journal of Magnesium and Alloys · 2021 · 527 citations
- Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Materials: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives · Energy & Fuels · 2024 · 525 citations
- Hydrogen fuel and fuel cell technology for cleaner future: a review · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · 2021 · 515 citations
- Realizing 6.7 wt% reversible storage of hydrogen at ambient temperature with non-confined ultrafine magnesium hydrides · Energy & Environmental Science · 2020 · 510 citations
- A review on hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2020 · 489 citations
Most recent work
- Enhancing the dehydrogenation behavior of the LiAlH4(100) surface through transition metal doping (TM=Co, Ti, Pt, and Pd) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2026
- Stability and hydrogen storage performance of Na 2 LiXH 6 (X = Zr, V, Cr) double perovskite hydrides via DFT and AIMD · RSC Advances · 2026
- Recent progress of ABH3 perovskite hydrides for hydrogen storage: Design strategies, challenges and prospects · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · 2026
- Structural validation, electronic bonding, and realistic hydrogen storage properties of novel Li2BH5 and Li2AlH5 complex hydrides · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2026
- Exploring the structural, hydrogen storage capacity, dehydrogenation behavior, mechanical, electronic and optical properties of Ti–H hydrides for hydrogen storage · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2026
- Density functional theory insights into the structure, electronic and mechanical properties, thermodynamics, and diffusion of high-entropy alloys for hydrogen storage: A review · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2026
- Advanced simulations from DFT to machine learning for solid-state hydrogen storage: fundamentals, progresses, challenges and perspectives · Progress in Materials Science · 2026
- Synergistic effect of boron substitution on the hydrogen storage performance and mechanical integrity of Li3Al1-xBxH6 double perovskites: A high-capacity solid-state media study · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · 2026
- First‐Principles Study of Double Perovskite Hydrides Cs 2 RbAlH 6 and Rb 2 CaNiH 6 for Combined Hydrogen Storage and Semiconducting Applications · Advanced Theory and Simulations · 2026
- Synergistic electronic effects on the NaAlH4(001) surface for enhancing dehydrogenation properties and hydrogen diffusion dynamics · Journal of Power Sources · 2026
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