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Open research questions in Occupational Health and Safety Research

633 gap statements mined from Occupational Health and Safety Research papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 3,094 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The lack of integration of human factors into quantitative railway risk assessment. The limitation of FMEA in capturing human factors and organisational antecedents. The need for a framework that can represent non-linear dependencies and update risk probabilities as contextual variables change.

    An Integrated FMEA–HFACS–Bayesian Framework for Railway Risk Assessment: Specification, Survey-Informed Parameterisation and Demonstration · 2026 · DOI

  • Conventional FMEA has limitations in addressing the complexity of construction engineering. The need for a framework that captures the hesitancy of expert judgment and prioritizes safety interventions.

    An Integrated HFACS–FMEA Model Under an Interval-Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Environment for Human-Factor Risk Assessment in Construction Engineering · 2026 · DOI

  • The manufacturing sector is characterized by diverse hazards and risks, but there is a lack of sector-specific analysis of occupational accidents. Prior work has focused on other domains, and there is a need for studies that specifically address the manufacturing sector.

    Topic Modeling of Occupational Accident Narratives in the Manufacturing Sector Using BERTopic: Sector-Specific Accident Pattern Analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of clear characterization of the timing of repeated construction safety violations after case resolution. The need for a predictive model that can effectively combine inspection context, resolution information, and regulatory hierarchy. The importance of understanding the impact of prior same-standard history on recurrence.

    Predicting Construction Safety Violation Recurrence Using Longitudinal Occupational Safety and Health Administration Enforcement Data · 2026 · DOI

  • The study notes the challenge of limited workforce in the seafood industry.

    The human cost of the blue economy: a call for ımproved workplace safety based on occupational injuries and fatalities in the Turkish seafood ındustry, 2013–2023 · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for improved workplace safety in the Turkish seafood industry.

    The human cost of the blue economy: a call for ımproved workplace safety based on occupational injuries and fatalities in the Turkish seafood ındustry, 2013–2023 · 2026 · DOI

  • Current fall detection systems are prone to false positives. There is a need for accurate and real-time fall detection systems. Prior research has not achieved sufficient lead time for wearable airbag actuation.

    Machine Learning-Based Framework for Pre-Impact Same-Level Fall and Fall-from-Height Detection in Construction Sites Using a Single Wearable Inertial Measurement Unit · 2025 · DOI

  • The lack of a comprehensive framework for evaluating and exploring the influencing factors of urban health resilience. The need for a deeper understanding of the relationship between static and dynamic urban health resilience. The importance of considering population flow autocorrelation in modeling urban health resilience.

    Static–Dynamic Analytical Framework for Urban Health Resilience Evaluation and Influencing Factor Exploration from the Perspective of Public Health Emergencies—Case Study of 61 Cities in Mainland China · 2025 · DOI

  • The need for a scalable and explainable foundation for adaptive, sequence-aware safety monitoring in safety-critical systems. The lack of a framework that can simulate human-like risk reasoning over sequential accident precursors.

    Modeling Dynamic Risk Perception Using Large Language Model (LLM) Agents · 2025 · DOI

  • Another challenge is the need for an explainable AutoML framework that can provide transparent attributions and achieve high accuracy. The study also acknowledges the challenge of transferring the model to real-world logs and the potential for lower performance due to measurement error, unmeasured confounders, and behavioral complexity.

    Interpretable AutoML for Predicting Unsafe Miner Behaviors via Psychological-Contract Signals · 2025 · DOI

  • The lack of a comprehensive and proactive approach to safety management in the construction industry. The need for a more effective method of risk assessment and mitigation that integrates into the project design and execution phases. The potential for Building Information Modeling to enhance safety management and reduce accidents.

    Construction Safety and Efficiency: Integrating Building Information Modeling into Risk Management and Project Execution · 2024 · DOI

  • Prior work has not fully explored the role of employee resilience in mediating the relationship between organizational politics and turnover intentions.

    Understanding Turnover Intentions: The Interplay of Organizational Politics, Employee Resilience, and Person-Job Fit in Ghana’s Healthcare Sector · 2024 · DOI

  • However, it remains unclear how the differing cost–benefit expectations, risk perceptions, and strategic choices of relevant stakeholders influence the willingness of key players, i.

    AI-Driven Construction Safety: A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Investment Willingness · 2026 · DOI

  • Consequently, it remains unclear under which conditions safety technology adoption can achieve economic justification.

    Scenario-Based Framework for Economic Evaluation of Safety Technology Adoption in Construction · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite its growing importance, behavioral safety remains under researched.

    Safety Behavior: A Mediated Moderation Model Using Employee Readiness and Management Commitment · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite the traditional view of work errors as purely detrimental, limited research has explored their potential to relate to helping behavior, which is critical for mitigating error cascades and maintaining team cohesion in construction settings.

    Feeling bad, learning fast and helping out: how growth mindset shapes construction workers' helping behaviors after mistakes · 2026 · DOI

  • Although factory-like platforms such as the aerial building machine (ABM) have been introduced to improve on-site conditions, their effects on workers' efficiency and cognitive load remain unclear.

    Working efficiency and cognitive load impacts by factory-like construction working environments in hot summer: evidence from rebar tying workers · 2026 · DOI

  • Evidence remains limited on how unsafe behaviors connect and progress directionally within construction accident sequences.

    Unraveling multi-behavior coupling in construction fall-from-height accidents: a complex network perspective · 2026 · DOI

  • These case-specific proposals require prospective evaluation; their effectiveness and wider applicability have not been established.

    Occupational Safety Management Barriers on the Usilimo–Karubaga Road Preservation Project in Highland Papua · 2026 · DOI

  • The evolution of BBS over the years in terms of application strategies and complexity levels requires more insights. It is often difficult to identify clear boundaries between standard BBS and similar or complementary interventions.

    Implementation of Behavior-Based Safety in the Workplace: A Review of Conceptual and Empirical Literature · 2024 · DOI

  • Empirical validation of the proposed framework, - Expert elicitation for the fourteen endogenous parameters, - Application of the framework to various railway safety…

    An Integrated FMEA–HFACS–Bayesian Framework for Railway Risk Assessment: Specification, Survey-Informed Parameterisation and Demonstration · 2026 · DOI

  • Evaluation beyond historical inspection practice requires inspection-process information with a justified observation model, or a prospectively designed inspection sample - A predictor-level audit could be performed to confirm historical availability of the extracted…

    Predicting Construction Safety Violation Recurrence Using Longitudinal Occupational Safety and Health Administration Enforcement Data · 2026 · DOI

  • Expand the framework to other large language models such as Gemini Pro, Claude 3, and DeepSeek, enabling comparative evaluation of reasoning consistency and contextual fidelity - Cross-domain studies can investigate the applicability of the approach in aviation, healthcare, and construction safety, where sequential precursors and dynamic decision-making are crucial - Integrating time-weighted modeling, uncertainty…

    Modeling Dynamic Risk Perception Using Large Language Model (LLM) Agents · 2025 · DOI

  • Developing an entropy-or Kullback-Leibler-based measure of cumulative information…

    An Integrated HFACS–FMEA Model Under an Interval-Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Environment for Human-Factor Risk Assessment in Construction Engineering · 2026 · DOI

  • Originality The research contributes to behavioral safety research, a rarely studied problem by empirically proving the effectiveness of BBSI by considering Employee readiness and Management commitment as mediating and moderating variables respectively.

    Safety Behavior: A Mediated Moderation Model Using Employee Readiness and Management Commitment · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Occupational Health and Safety Research

Most recent work

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) The lack of integration of human factors into quantitative railway risk assessment (“An Integrated FMEA–HFACS–Bayesian Framework for Railway Risk Assessment:…”, 2026); (2) The manufacturing sector is characterized by diverse hazards and risks, but there is a lack of sector-specific analysis of occupational accidents (“Topic Modeling of Occupational Accident Narratives in the Manufacturing Sector…”, 2026); (3) The lack of clear characterization of the timing of repeated construction safety violations after case resolution (“Predicting Construction Safety Violation Recurrence Using Longitudinal…”, 2026); (4) It remains unclear how the differing cost–benefit expectations, risk perceptions, and strategic choices of relevant stakeholders influence the willingness of key players, i (“AI-Driven Construction Safety: A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Investment…”, 2026); (5) It remains unclear under which conditions safety technology adoption can achieve economic justification (“Scenario-Based Framework for Economic Evaluation of Safety Technology Adoption…”, 2026). 633 gap statements have been mined from Occupational Health and Safety Research papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 3,094 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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