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Open research questions in Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses

172 gap statements mined from Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,671 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • Numerically, foraging presence peaked in autumn (September–November) (Table 3), although it remains unclear whether this represents a consistent paern, given the birds’ ongoing adaptation to the urban environment and broader climatic changes in the Mediterranean.

    Urban Foraging and Plant Toxicological Risks for Rose-Ringed Parakeets (Psittacula krameri) in Athens · 2025 · DOI

  • Pet bird escape in Japan has not been surveyed quantitatively due to its sporadic nature. There is a lack of understanding of the factors influencing the number of pet birds that escaped.

    An Influx of Non-Native Bird Species into the Natural Environment Owing to the Accidental Release of Pet Birds in Japan · 2024 · DOI

  • Little is known about China's import and export of parrots. There is a lack of understanding of the patterns and dynamics of China's parrot trade.

    China’s International Trade of Parrots from 1981 to 2022 Based on the CITES Trade Database · 2024 · DOI

  • However, recent systematic assessments of their conservation status and threats are lacking across significant parts of their range.

    Spatial variation in abundance and threats informs conservation approaches for Endangered Grey Parrots Psittacus erithacus in Nigeria · 2026 · DOI

  • The execution of criminal judgments in environmental crime cases remains underexamined. There is a gap between court decisions and effective criminal law enforcement.

    Legal Challenges in Criminal Execution of The Environmental Crime Cases in Indonesia: Efforts Toward Criminal Law Reform · 2026 · DOI

  • The illegal wildlife trade is a complex and clandestine activity, making it difficult to detect and prevent. The use of canine detection dogs requires specialized training and equipment. The study's controlled design may not fully replicate operational environments where unknown or residual odors could be present.

    Canine detection for biodiversity protection: a multispecies approach to promote conservation and prevent wildlife trafficking · 2026 · DOI

  • The study's controlled design may not fully replicate operational environments where unknown or residual odors could be present. The study used a small sample size of 22 dogs, which may not be representative of the larger population. The study did not use additional independent screening methods, such as chemical analysis or third-party inspection, to verify the results.

    Canine detection for biodiversity protection: a multispecies approach to promote conservation and prevent wildlife trafficking · 2026 · DOI

  • The current justice systems are not effective in prosecuting environmental crimes. There is a need for improvement in national and international justice systems.

    Criminal legal responsibility for environmental war crimes · 2026 · DOI

  • Bounty programs can have unintended consequences, such as the incidental removal of non-target species. Public perception of bounty programs is highly dynamic and ensuring program engagement remains a persistent challenge. Fraudulent activities have been reported, compromising the management outcomes of some programs.

    Society’s struggle with unwanted species: what centuries of history reveal about species bounty programs · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of understanding of the effectiveness and challenges of species bounty programs. There is a need for a global assessment of species bounty programs.

    Society’s struggle with unwanted species: what centuries of history reveal about species bounty programs · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should examine the effectiveness of policy recommendations in addressing the herding-crime nexus. Further studies should investigate the relationship between cattle herding and crime incidence in other regions of Ghana and beyond.

    Cattle herding and crime incidence nexus: case study of the sekyere Afram Plains District, Ghana · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for research on the factors influencing aggressive behaviors among herders.

    Cattle herding and crime incidence nexus: case study of the sekyere Afram Plains District, Ghana · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of clarity on the notion of intent in corporate complicity in international crimes. The need for an analysis of the Lafarge case from a French and international criminal law perspective.

    Corporate Complicity in International Crimes: Implications of the Lafarge Jurisprudence for the Arms Industry · 2026 · DOI

  • It remains to be seen how rigidly the tests mentioned in the ATT and the EU Council Common Position will be interpreted by courts when determining individual criminal responsibility.

    The Arms Industry and International Criminal Liability: Challenging the Status Quo? · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies several challenges, including the lack of transparency and accountability in the management of animal shelters and zoohygiene services. The research highlights the need for more effective strategies for reducing animal cruelty and promoting animal welfare in Serbia.

    ANIMAL WELFARE AND CORRUPTION IN SERBIA – HOW THE STATE ENABLES SYSTEMATIC ANIMAL ABUSE · 2026 · DOI

  • The research highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of the complex factors that contribute to animal welfare outcomes in Serbia.

    ANIMAL WELFARE AND CORRUPTION IN SERBIA – HOW THE STATE ENABLES SYSTEMATIC ANIMAL ABUSE · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a need for a reconstruction of criminal law policy to address the issue.

    A Critical Criminological Study of Destructive Fishing Crimes in The Serutbar Conservation Area · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research may explore the implications of the paper's arguments for the legitimacy of administrative crimes. Future research may examine the practice of administrative crimes in other jurisdictions.

    When Agencies Make Criminal Law · 2026 · DOI

  • Predators were scarce and no attacks or predation events were witnessed, but birds showed appropriate reactions to predators, and there was no direct evidence of predation.

    Successful release of confiscated Amazona parrots using free-flight training · 2026 · DOI

  • Limited procedural clarity and weak post-judgment enforcement mechanisms. Difficulty in tracing assets for fines or additional penalties.

    Legal Challenges in Criminal Execution of The Environmental Crime Cases in Indonesia: Efforts Toward Criminal Law Reform · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to examine the effects of wildlife-protection policy and enforcement on the wild bird trade, - Studies should investigate the cultural preferences and economic incentives driving the wild bird trade, - Research should explore the impact of the wild bird trade on wild populations…

    Species Composition and Temporal Patterns of Wild Bird Trade in Beijing: Evidence from Physical Market Surveys, 2014–2026 · 2026 · DOI

  • This reflects a unique cultural element in fraud tactics, warranting further study.

    Evolutionary fraud, the global scamming ecosystem and a typology of actors · 2026 · DOI

  • Further analysis of the implications of the Lafarge jurisprudence for the arms industry. Examination of the potential applications of the clarified notion of intent in corporate complicity in international crimes.

    Corporate Complicity in International Crimes: Implications of the Lafarge Jurisprudence for the Arms Industry · 2026 · DOI

  • Further analysis of the effectiveness of increased punishment for illegal deforestation. Examination of the impact of regulation of a new aggravated version of the crime of unlawful cutting of trees.

    Criminal Liability for Illegal Deforestation · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies a gap in the scholarly attention paid to administrative crimes. The paper identifies a gap in the analysis of the nondelegation doctrine and its relation to administrative crimes.

    When Agencies Make Criminal Law · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Recent systematic assessments of their conservation status and threats are lacking across significant parts of their range (“Spatial variation in abundance and threats informs conservation approaches for…”, 2026); (2) There is a need for improvement in national and international justice systems (“Criminal legal responsibility for environmental war crimes”, 2026); (3) There is a lack of understanding of the effectiveness and challenges of species bounty programs (“Society’s struggle with unwanted species: what centuries of history reveal…”, 2026); (4) Future research should examine the effectiveness of policy recommendations in addressing the herding-crime nexus (“Cattle herding and crime incidence nexus: case study of the sekyere Afram…”, 2026); (5) The lack of clarity on the notion of intent in corporate complicity in international crimes (“Corporate Complicity in International Crimes: Implications of the Lafarge…”, 2026). 172 gap statements have been mined from Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,671 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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