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Open research questions in Acute Myocardial Infarction Research

246 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 858 Acute Myocardial Infarction Research papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Investigating the causes of sex-based disparities in pre-hospital delay, - Developing targeted interventions to address the disparity in pre-hospital delay, - Evaluating the effectiveness of public awareness campaigns and clinician education in reducing sex-based disparities

    Sex disparities in pre-hospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Inconsistent findings on sex-based disparities in pre-hospital delay. Lack of quantitative evidence on the association between female sex and pre-hospital delay. Need to evaluate the consistency of the association between sex and pre-hospital delay across different study-level characteristics.

    Sex disparities in pre-hospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • The task is particularly difficult when the initial electrocardiogram is non-diagnostic and no clear aetiology can be established before hospital arrival. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, and access to biomarkers, serial testing, and prolonged observation is limited in the field. The immediate priority is to recognise patients with time-sensitive cardiac disease while avoiding unnecessary use of scarce prehospital resources.

    Undifferentiated Prehospital Chest Pain: Aetiologies and a Proof-of-Concept Model for Significant Coronary Lesions · 2026 · DOI

  • The study was retrospective and single-centre, - The study had a limited sample size of 409 patients, - The study did not require approval from an institutional ethics committee under the French Loi Jardé

    Undifferentiated Prehospital Chest Pain: Aetiologies and a Proof-of-Concept Model for Significant Coronary Lesions · 2026 · DOI

  • The study only analyzed data up to 2023. The study excluded records with unknown, unspecified, or missing racial/ethnic information. The study used a broader adult population cutoff of ≥25 years.

    Ischemic heart disease mortality trends and disparities in US adults from 1999 to 2023: a CDC WONDER analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to characterize the postpandemic mortality recovery trend. Studies should investigate the impact of the pandemic on IHD mortality disparities.

    Ischemic heart disease mortality trends and disparities in US adults from 1999 to 2023: a CDC WONDER analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • The population-level trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors that precede this premature MI signature in young MENA adults remain incompletely characterized.

    Cardiometabolic Risk Trajectories in Young Adults Across 16 Middle East and North African Countries, 1990-2018: A Sex-Asymmetric Divergence · 2026 · DOI

  • Aims: Sex differences in cardiac electrophysiology and cardiovascular (CV) risk are well established, but the extent to which circulating hormonal markers contribute to electrocardiogram (ECG) morphology remains unclear.

    Sex- and Menopause-Specific Hormone-Related ECG Signatures and Incident Cardiovascular Risk in UK Biobank · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on evaluating the effects of health policies in different countries, exploring the impact of socio-economic and cultural factors on the burden of IHD, and developing big data-based prediction models to optimize resource allocation and intervention strategies.

    Global, regional, and national epidemiology of ischemic heart disease among individuals aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021: a cross-sectional study · 2025 · DOI

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major health burden worldwide, yet gender-specific data from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remain scarce.

    Cardiovascular disease in North African women: insights from the Middle East African Women CardioVascular Disease (MEA-WCVD) registry · 2025 · DOI

  • Further prospective validation and implementation are warranted to refine and establish the rule's clinical utility.

    Telephone triage of chest pain in out-of-hours primary care: external validation of a symptom-based prediction rule to rule out acute coronary syndromes · 2024 · DOI

  • Objective The long-term impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been thoroughly investigated yet.

    Type 2 diabetes mellitus in acute myocardial infarction: a persistent significant burden on long-term mortality · 2024 · DOI

  • Background The relationship between the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear.

    The triglyceride–glucose index is associated with no-reflow phenomenon in STEMI patients with type 2 diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention · 2024 · DOI

  • The elimination process of cardiac troponin I from the bloodstream and the factors influencing this process remain unknown.

    Urine high–sensitive troponin I in children cannot offer an applicable alternative to serum · 2024 · DOI

  • Further research focused on delineating the precise genetic underpinnings of complex cardiovascular diseases in diverse populations is warranted.

    Comprehensive Analysis of Demographic, Clinical, and Genetic Characteristics in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients · 2024 · DOI

  • The ANRIL gene polymorphism rs1333040 has been implicated in susceptibility to cardiovascular disease; however, its role in the Vietnamese population remains unclear.

    Comprehensive Analysis of Demographic, Clinical, and Genetic Characteristics in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients · 2024 · DOI

  • Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, the universal definition of MI was not consistently applied in clinical practice, with a minority of patients with type 2 MI identified, and type 1 MI underrecognized in women and older persons, suggesting uncertainty remains regarding the diagnostic criteria or value of the classification.

    Application of the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction in Clinical Practice in Scotland and Sweden · 2024 · DOI

  • The effectiveness of long-term beta-blocker therapy in patients with preserved ejection fraction after a myocardial infarction is uncertain. There is a need to investigate the effects of discontinuing beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction.

    Discontinuation of Beta-Blocker Therapy after Myocardial Infarction · 2026 · DOI

  • The study is limited by its retrospective design. The sample size is relatively small, with 197 patients included in the final analytical cohort.

    Impact of heparin-to-bivalirudin bridging time on hospitalization and safety outcomes in PCI for acute coronary syndrome · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a predictive model that can identify high-risk patients and improve outcomes. The current literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors for acute heart failure after PCI in STEMI patients.

    Establishment and evaluation of predictive model for acute heart failure after PCI in patients with STEMI · 2026 · DOI

  • Heart failure is a complex and multifactorial disease. The prognosis for HF patients remains grave. There is a need for early diagnosis and treatment of HF.

    Analysis of risk factors for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention · 2026 · DOI

  • The specific risk factors for HF after PCI in patients with T2DM and acute STEMI are not well understood. There is a need for a personalized risk prediction model for in-hospital heart failure.

    Analysis of risk factors for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the evaluation of lot-to-lot variability in hs-cTnI assays. The study highlights the need for ongoing surveillance of reagent and calibrator lot changes.

    Lot-to-lot variability of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay: clinical implications · 2026 · DOI

  • In-hospital heart failure remains a common complication after primary PCI for STEMI. There is a need for machine-learning models to predict in-hospital heart failure and procedural complete revascularization.

    Multicenter development and validation of machine-learning risk models to predict procedural complete revascularization and in-hospital heart failure in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI · 2026 · DOI

  • and validation standardized strategies in Regarding evidence for CR, randomized trials such as COMPLETE have established the benefit of a CR strategy in appropriate STEMI patients with multivessel disease by reducing ischemia-driven adverse outcomes. Subsequent trials have further explored the timing of CR (index procedure vs. staged), primarily addressing “whether” and “when” to perform CR from a strategy and prognosis perspective (4, 36). However, these studies do not directly address a pragmatic question in real-world practice: whether procedural (same-session) CR can be achieved during the index PCI, which is highly relevant to workflow management and resource planning in the catheterization laboratory. Accordingly, by modeling the likelihood of achieving CR during the index PCI as an independent prediction task—alongside (in-hospital) HF prediction—our work extends the existing literature by providing evidence oriented toward procedural feasibility assessment and cath-lab decision support. 4.4 Clinical implications circulatory support—potentially surveillance of volume status and hemodynamics, timely initiation or escalation of diuretics and/or inotropic support, and, when appropriate, early consideration of indications for enabling mechanical (37). intervention before overt Conversely, for patients predicted to be at low risk, the model may facilitate more efficient allocation of monitoring resources while maintaining patient safety. Importantly, this tool is intended to support risk stratification and clinical decision-making rather than replace physician judgment, and its outputs should be in conjunction with dynamic clinical course, imaging, and laboratory findings (38). clinical deterioration interpreted 4.4.2 Potential clinical applications of the CR feasibility prediction model Unlike traditional studies that primarily address whether CR is beneficial or when staged revascularization is preferable, our CR model focuses on a pragmatic, workflow-oriented question in real-world practice: whether same-session CR is likely to be feasible during the index PCI. In the catheterization laboratory, this prediction may support procedural planning and early intra-procedural decision-making. For example, when the model indicates a high likelihood of achieving procedural CR, operators may more proactively evaluate and treat non-culprit lesions while maintaining procedural safety.

    Multicenter development and validation of machine-learning risk models to predict procedural complete revascularization and in-hospital heart failure in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI · 2026 · DOI

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246 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 858 Acute Myocardial Infarction Research papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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