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Open research questions in Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization

259 gap statements mined from Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,423 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • Although microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in various allergic conditions, the association between nasal microbiome composition and polysensitization remains unclear.

    Nasal Corynebacterium depletion is associated with polysensitization to inhalant allergens in adults · 2026 · DOI

  • Various mouse models are used to study pollen allergies, but a systematic experimental comparisvon is lacking.

    Defining in vivo and in vitro models for evaluating the sensitising potential of birch pollen extracts · 2026 · DOI

  • Although the seasonal worsening of atopic dermatitis is known, the clinical relevance of pollen season skin symptoms in the broader population with sAR remains unclear.

    Skin symptoms during the pollen seasons and their association with the severity of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Yamanashi, Japan · 2026 · DOI

  • Although allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment, its clinical application is limited by the requirements of prolonged treatment and the risk of IgE-mediated adverse reactions, including anaphylaxis.

    Transgenic rice-based peptide immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis: From T-cell epitope discovery to clinical translation · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between circulating orexin levels and QOL impairment in AR remains poorly understood.

    Serum orexin levels reflect quality of life and symptom burden in patients with allergic rhinitis after nasal surgery · 2026 · DOI

  • However, it remains unclear how basal cell progenitor functions are regulated and if basal cells contribute to type 2 inflammatory responses.

    Interaction between airway basal cells, mast cells and type 2 immunity contributes to epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic rhinitis · 2026 · DOI

  • Although systemic allergen-specific IgE is an essential biomarker for allergic rhinitis (AR), its mechanistic contribution to symptom development remains unclear.

    Systemic IgE promotes allergic rhinitis by licensing Th2-to-Tfh conversion and local IgE production · 2026 · DOI

  • However, process-based assessments that simultaneously quantify the responses of spring and autumn pollen seasonality to future warming remain scarce, particularly in rapidly urbanising temperate regions.

    Earlier spring and later autumn: Climate warming reshapes pollen seasons in Beijing · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite its global significance, limited data exist on its allergenic relevance among a subset of Filipinos.

    Dermatophagoides farinae‐specific immunoglobulin epsilon reactivity in an immunoglobulin epsilon‐selected subset of self‐reported allergic participants from Ilocos Norte, Philippines: An exploratory study · 2026 · DOI

  • Whether region-specific inclusion of these mites in diagnostic protocols would improve diagnosis or treatment outcomes remains to be established in studies with objective confirmation of clinical relevance.

    Shifting patterns of mite sensitization in Spain and Portugal: real-world diagnostic and immunotherapy practices (MITE-WISE project) · 2026 · DOI

  • Subtropical sensitization profiles and their clinical implications remain poorly defined.

    Sensitization of Common Allergens and Cosensitization Patterns Among Children in Guangzhou, China · 2026 · DOI

  • While sensory nerves detect allergens and release neuropeptides that directly participate in immune regulation, their precise role within the AR inflammatory network remains incompletely elucidated.

    Pharmacological silencing of nasal TRPV1+ nociceptors ameliorates eosinophilic infiltration but exacerbates neutrophilic infiltration in murine models of allergic rhinitis · 2026 · DOI

  • Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) affects approximately 400 million individuals worldwide, yet a quantitative framework integrating the complete immunological cascade from allergen exposure to clinical symptoms is lacking.

    A progressive ODE model of seasonal allergic rhinitis: from core Th2 axis to 21-dimensional multi- pathway integration with seasonal dynamics and directional assessment · 2026 · DOI

  • Individual pathways (Th2/IgE, TLR4/NF-κB, Th17/Treg) have been characterized in isolation, but their interactions and relative contributions to symptom generation remain poorly understood.

    A progressive ODE model of seasonal allergic rhinitis: from core Th2 axis to 21-dimensional multi- pathway integration with seasonal dynamics and directional assessment · 2026 · DOI

  • Allergen sensitization trajectories are linked to diverse allergic disease phenotypes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

    Longitudinal trajectories of allergen sensitization in children with different transcriptome profiles from COCOA study · 2025 · DOI

  • While serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) is widely used, the diagnostic value of local sIgE and its interplay with systemic IgE and nasal cytokines remains unclear.

    Local IgE is a superior biomarker than serum IgE for nasal type 2 inflammation in house dust mites sensitized allergic rhinitis · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the causative relationship between this protein-intrinsic feature and sensitization capacity of allergens is not fully understood.

    Reducing the solubility of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 by particle-loading mitigates Th2 responses · 2024 · DOI

  • The key cellular events leading to such long-term tolerance remain to be fully elucidated.

    Sublingual allergen immunotherapy prevents house dust mite inhalant type 2 immunity through dendritic cell-mediated induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells · 2024 · DOI

  • Allergic rhinitis reactions are more pronounced in nasal secretions and mucosa than in serum; however, no studies have examined the changes in proteins in nasal secretions after omalizumab administration.

    Omalizumab reduces allergic rhinitis symptoms due to Japanese cedar pollen by improving eosinophilic inflammation · 2024 · DOI

  • The pathogenic mechanism of lung-spleen deficiency is complex and not fully elucidated. The integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine poses challenges. The treatment of allergic rhinitis is often symptomatic and does not address the underlying causes.

    Pathogenesis and Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment Strategies of Allergic Rhinitis Based on the “Spleen (Stomach)-Lung-Nose Axis” Theory · 2026 · DOI

  • The pathogenic mechanism of lung-spleen deficiency has not been fully elucidated. There is a lack of integrated therapeutic strategies for allergic rhinitis.

    Pathogenesis and Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment Strategies of Allergic Rhinitis Based on the “Spleen (Stomach)-Lung-Nose Axis” Theory · 2026 · DOI

  • Research is needed to reduce misclassification bias by replacing administrative health records and self-reported diagnostic criteria with standardized, validated clinical assessments of both allergic rhinitis and migraine phenotypes in prospective cohorts.

    A systematic review and meta-analysis on the risk of migraine in patients with allergic rhinitis · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies should focus on these aspects to bridge the gap between mechanistic findings and clinical application.

    Multi-targeted protection of Yuping Tongqiao against allergic rhinitis: suppression of inflammatory response via TSLP signaling and reinforcement of epithelial barrier integrity via AhR signaling · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for novel experimental techniques to understand the molecular mechanisms of allergic reactions - The lack of accurate identification and characterization of allergenic proteins at the molecular…

    First Vibrational Fingerprint of Parietaria judaica Protein via Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy · 2025 · DOI

  • Further research into allergy mechanisms, - Investigation of treatment options and preventive…

    First Vibrational Fingerprint of Parietaria judaica Protein via Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Although microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in various allergic conditions, the association between nasal microbiome composition and polysensitization remains unclear (“Nasal Corynebacterium depletion is associated with polysensitization to…”, 2026); (2) Various mouse models are used to study pollen allergies, but a systematic experimental comparisvon is lacking (“Defining in vivo and in vitro models for evaluating the sensitising potential…”, 2026); (3) Although the seasonal worsening of atopic dermatitis is known, the clinical relevance of pollen season skin symptoms in the broader population with sAR remains unclear (“Skin symptoms during the pollen seasons and their association with the severity…”, 2026); (4) The relationship between circulating orexin levels and QOL impairment in AR remains poorly understood (“Serum orexin levels reflect quality of life and symptom burden in patients with…”, 2026); (5) It remains unclear how basal cell progenitor functions are regulated and if basal cells contribute to type 2 inflammatory responses (“Interaction between airway basal cells, mast cells and type 2 immunity…”, 2026). 259 gap statements have been mined from Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,423 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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