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Open research questions in COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction

127 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 627 COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • INTRODUCTION: Despite mounting evidence on Long COVID, data regarding its impact on women infected during pregnancy remains scarce.

    Long COVID following SARS ‐ CoV ‐2 infection during pregnancy: An observational study in a large Italian hospital during the COVID ‐19 pandemic · 2026 · DOI

  • IMPORTANCE Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause severe fetal abnormalities, yet how the virus overcomes the placenta remains incompletely understood.

    Tunneling nanotubes contribute to Zika virus pathogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface in vivo · 2026 · DOI

  • ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy can result in severe fetal outcomes, yet the mechanisms of transplacental dissemination remain incompletely defined.

    Tunneling nanotubes contribute to Zika virus pathogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface in vivo · 2026 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Current findings on the neonatal outcomes among pregnant women infected with COVID-19 remain inconclusive.

    Neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic scoping review and meta-analysis · 2025 · DOI

  • However, variation existed in the UBHS by COVID-19 status, but the extent of this disparity has not been extensively addressed in Ahmedabad, India.

    COVID-19 status and utilisation of essential maternal and child healthcare services during the pandemic in Ahmedabad, India · 2025 · DOI

  • However, there are limited studies on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes during the first trimester.

    The pregnancy outcomes of women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first trimester ---a longitudinal cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: There are known maternal and obstetrical risks following SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy, but the impact on offspring is not well known.

    SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and infant outcomes in the first year of life: a retrospective cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • Very little is known about alternative healthcare sources used by women when access to conventional health services became challenging.

    When one door closes: a qualitative exploration of women’s experiences of access to sexual and reproductive health services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria · 2024 · DOI

  • Limited data exist on the environmental influences of during the COVID-19 pandemic on preterm infant development.

    Impact of COVID−19 pandemic on neurodevelopmental outcome in very low birth weight infants: a nationwide cohort study · 2024 · DOI

  • Introduction Despite recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant people, the effect of vaccination on neonatal outcomes remains unknown.

    Maternal COVID-19 vaccination status and association with neonatal congenital anomalies · 2024 · DOI

  • However, the effects of lockdown measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 on fetal birthweight remain unclear.

    Associations of COVID-19 lockdown with birth weight in China · 2024 · DOI

  • The pathological mechanism and virus-induced immune response in the placenta are not fully understood.

    Placental inflammation in a fetal demise of a SARS-CoV-2-asymptomatic, COVID-19-unvaccinated pregnant woman: a case-report · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Limited data on the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy on newborn outcomes are available.

    Association of SARS-CoV-2 infection during late pregnancy with maternal and neonatal outcomes · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Georgia experienced an increase in maternal deaths (MD) during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which warrants further investigation.

    SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and the risk of adverse maternal outcomes in the Republic of Georgia: a national birth registry-based cohort study · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy is associated with Omicron infection in pregnant women.

    Gestational weight gain during pregnancy is the risk factor for Omicron infection: a retrospective case–control study · 2024 · DOI

  • There are limited data regarding the impact on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) service delivery in low-resource settings.

    Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the outcomes of HIV-exposed neonates: a Zimbabwean tertiary hospital experience · 2024 · DOI

  • However, there were few studies on neonatal COVID-19, especially multi-center case reports.

    Clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection after the release of the epidemic situation of COVID-19 · 2024 · DOI

  • However, it remains unclear whether breast milk-derived Abs affect vaccine-induced immunity in the neonate.

    Breast Milk–Derived Antibodies Impair Vaccine Immunity in Suckling Mice · 2024 · DOI

  • Placental transfer of antibodies directed to SARS-CoV-2 may be protective against neonatal COVID-19, but this remains to be studied.

    Seroprevalence and placental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in unvaccinated pregnant women · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: As SARS-CoV-2 continues to be relevant and cause illnesses, the effect of emerging virus variants on perinatal health remains to be elucidated.

    Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 delta-variant in a preterm infant · 2024 · DOI

  • Follow-up research is warranted to determine whether these predominantly null effects persist into later childhood.

    Neurodevelopment in the First 2 Years of Life Following Prenatal Exposure to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection · 2024 · DOI

  • Few data exist on maternally derived SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in preterm compared with full-term infants in association with vaccination timing.

    Timing of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccine and Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Preterm · 2024 · DOI

  • Autism screening positivity for children born during the pandemic remains unknown.

    Positive Autism Screening Rates in Toddlers Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic · 2024 · DOI

  • There is a lack of understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human embryonic development. Few reports have examined vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to embryo or fetus.

    SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticles preferentially infect ectoderm in human embryonic tissues · 2026 · DOI

  • Clinical surveillance protocols need to be developed and validated to identify neurodevelopmental deficits and latent or subclinical anomalies in newborns, toddlers, and children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero, particularly in ectodermal derivatives including neural and cutaneous tissues.

    SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticles preferentially infect ectoderm in human embryonic tissues · 2026 · DOI

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127 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 627 COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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