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Open research questions in Educational Leadership and Innovation

253 gap statements mined from Educational Leadership and Innovation papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,076 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The research highlights the need for effective leadership to bolster work commitment, work motivation, employee self-efficacy, and goal orientation in the workplace.

    Elevating Teachers’ Professional Digital Competence: Synergies of Principals’ Instructional E-Supervision, Technology Leadership and Digital Culture for Educational Excellence in Digital-Savvy Era · 2024 · DOI

  • A novel model of principal technology leadership is proposed to maximize the primary implications of this research in the long term. Future research should investigate the impact of principal technology leadership on teacher professional development. The study suggests that leadership constructs, while potentially enhancing specific employee competencies, often result in modest contributions.

    Elevating Teachers’ Professional Digital Competence: Synergies of Principals’ Instructional E-Supervision, Technology Leadership and Digital Culture for Educational Excellence in Digital-Savvy Era · 2024 · DOI

  • The field of digital leadership requires investigations into the many aspects of digitalization in education to build a more solid and insightful knowledge base. There is a need to identify strategic themes that are sufficiently or insufficiently addressed in digital leadership research.

    A Review of the Conceptual Structure and Evolution of Digital Leadership Research in Education · 2024 · DOI

  • The gap in the existing Community of Inquiry framework is the lack of a fourth dimension, learning presence. The study identifies the need for an extension of the classical survey to incorporate learning presence. The paper highlights the importance of continuous adaptation in the framework.

    Measuring Learning Presence as Fourth Dimension in the Community of Inquiry Survey: Defining Self-Regulation Items and Subscales through a Heutagogical Approach · 2024 · DOI

  • The lack of digital innovation capacity in MSMEs results in their loss of competitive advantage. Digital-based MSMEs need to create sustainable innovation capabilities to succeed in their business competition.

    The Influence of Digital Leadership, Knowledge Management Capability and Innovation Climate on Digital Innovation Capability in Digital-Based MSMEs · 2026 · DOI

  • The e-commerce industry faces rapid transformations, - Organizations need to develop digital leadership skills to compete in the market, - Leaders need to effectively combine technological systems with data resources to create business value through their innovation strategies.

    The Influence of Cultural Adaptability, Digital Knowledge Management and Organizational Support on Digital Leadership Capability in E-Commerce Companies · 2026 · DOI

  • The research gap is the need for organizations to establish an adaptive organizational culture which includes technology-based knowledge management together with complete organizational support to develop their digital leadership skills.

    The Influence of Cultural Adaptability, Digital Knowledge Management and Organizational Support on Digital Leadership Capability in E-Commerce Companies · 2026 · DOI

  • These findings have implications for designing AI-integrated learning environments that strategically target the most influential heutagogical components, while also prompting further research into how component weights might vary across disciplines and educational settings.

    High and low heutagogy orientations among mathematics pre-service teachers and their relation to academic AI-usage · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies can empirically test the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling. Research can explore the impact of smart technologies on sustainable leadership development in different contexts.

    Smart Technologies as Tools for Developing Sustainable Leadership Competencies in the Education System: A Conceptual Model and Directions for Empirical Validation · 2026 · DOI

  • The study aims to address this gap by examining the role of digital leadership and artificial intelligence adoption in enhancing women's empowerment and managerial decision-making.

    Woman’s Empowerment Through Digital Leadership: Exploring How Artificial Intelligence (AI) Powered Tools Can Improve Managerial Decision-Making in Public Sectors of Pakistan · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a new approach to leadership in the digital era. Prior research has focused on traditional leadership styles, but there is a lack of understanding of digital leadership and its influence on virtual team performance.

    Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Digital Terhadap Kinerja Tim Virtual · 2026 · DOI

  • The gap is related to the lack of integrated instructional design models.

    Desain Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Prinsip Pedagogi, Andragogi dan Heutagogi · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research may consider alternative methods, such as Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA) or Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM), to explore boundary conditions and more complex interaction patterns.

    Steering the digital transformation of service-oriented organizations by job crafting and innovative work behavior: employee-driven adaptability · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need to examine the role of Artificial Intelligence in strategic decision-making.

    Digital Leadership dan Kinerja Organisasi : Peran Artificial Intelligence dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Strategis · 2026 · DOI

  • School leaders need to demonstrate effective leadership competencies to ensure the delivery of quality education.

    Personal, organizational and digital leadership of school leaders · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a need to integrate personal, organizational, and digital leadership in school management. There is a gap in understanding the relationships among personal, organizational, and digital leadership.

    Personal, organizational and digital leadership of school leaders · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of research on the impact of digital leadership on digital resource utilization. The need for effective digital leadership practices in educational institutions.

    The Impact of Digital Leadership on the Use of Digital Resources by Students in the Library and Information Science Program at Universitas Negeri Jakarta · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of training is a major barrier to the implementation of artificial intelligence. The integration of artificial intelligence in the productive sector requires a balance between technological tools and human skills.

    Adaptación de habilidades humanas y capacidades técnicas para integrar la inteligencia artificial: enfoque estratégico empresarial · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a gap between the perception of artificial intelligence and the processes of preparation for its adoption. The paper identifies a need for a balance between technological tools and human skills.

    Adaptación de habilidades humanas y capacidades técnicas para integrar la inteligencia artificial: enfoque estratégico empresarial · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for empirical research on Gen Z's leadership in technology-mediated student protests.

    Strategic Factors of Gen Z's Leadership in Technology-Mediated Student Protests: Empirical Insights from the July Movement in Bangladesh · 2026 · DOI

  • No longitudinal data or case studies are presented to validate whether the proposed three strategic approaches actually improve MSME competitiveness over time.

    The Influence of Digital Leadership, Knowledge Management Capability and Innovation Climate on Digital Innovation Capability in Digital-Based MSMEs · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper notes that existing literature has rarely systematically empirically tested the synergistic effect of digital thinking, change management, and cross-cultural leadership.

    AI-powered organizational transformation: the role of digital mindset, change management, and cross-cultural leadership in shaping future business strategies · 2026 · DOI

  • Port operators are encouraged to strengthen integrated digital transformation strategies that are embedded in core port operations, including vessel traffic management, cargo handling, terminal operations, and port service administration.

    Digital Transformation and Human Resource Competence As Drivers of Operational Effectiveness: The Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation in Port Operations · 2026 · DOI

  • For School Leaders Increase focus on the Cybersecurity Awareness and Ethics aspects of digital leadership: Communicate cybersecurity threats on a regular basis in terms accessible to the school community and incorporate cybersecurity responsibility into all staff roles not just IT roles.

    DIGITAL LEADERSHIP AND CYBERSECURITY GOVERNANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS · 2026 · DOI

  • Though the results show valid construct to develop the model, sample size cannot be justified. Some technical terms are used in the questionnaire and chances to wrong clarification of the data collectors to their respondents. Strategic leadership and its exercises through dynamic use of information technology is obviously proven.

    Strategic Factors of Gen Z's Leadership in Technology-Mediated Student Protests: Empirical Insights from the July Movement in Bangladesh · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Educational Leadership and Innovation

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) The lack of digital innovation capacity in MSMEs results in their loss of competitive advantage (“The Influence of Digital Leadership, Knowledge Management Capability and…”, 2026); (2) Future studies can empirically test the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling (“Smart Technologies as Tools for Developing Sustainable Leadership Competencies…”, 2026); (3) There is a need for a new approach to leadership in the digital era (“Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Digital Terhadap Kinerja Tim Virtual”, 2026); (4) The gap is related to the lack of integrated instructional design models (“Desain Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Prinsip Pedagogi, Andragogi dan Heutagogi”, 2026); (5) Future research may consider alternative methods, such as Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA) or Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM), to explore boundary conditions and more complex interaction patterns (“Steering the digital transformation of service-oriented organizations by job…”, 2026). 253 gap statements have been mined from Educational Leadership and Innovation papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,076 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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