Open research questions in Gender, Feminism, and Media
433 gap statements mined from Gender, Feminism, and Media papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 8,892 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.
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What the literature leaves open
The study must identify and analyze the most transnationally connective hashtags. The study needs to examine how hashtags are strategically instrumentalized to frame and extend anti-gender discourse.
Transnationalization of Anti-Gender Politics on Social Media: Hashtag Practices and Cross-Border Visibility · 2026 · DOIThere is a need to investigate the emotions and affective registers surrounding the German Self-Determination Act on TikTok. The study identifies a gap in understanding how emotions are (re)produced through different affective registers in the context of platformized gender politics.
Between Trans Solidarity and Trans-Antagonism: Affective Contestations Around Germany’s Self-Determination Act on TikTok · 2026 · DOIThe gap is the need to examine the contested regimes of visibility in gendered public spheres. The paper identifies a lack of understanding of how visibility and invisibility are shaped by structural conditions, situated agency, and relational communication.
Social media offers Chinese female PhD students unprecedented opportunities for self-presentation and identity negotiation, yet internal perspectives on their identity construction remain understudied.
Gender and academia intertwined: identity construction of Chinese female PhD students on social media · 2026 · DOIResearch shows how sexualized violence is moving online and becoming digitalized; however, little is known about the relationship between the manosphere and sexualized violence.
Misogyny, Himpathy and Cathartic Shaming – Exploring Content With and About Sexualized Violence in the Danish Manosphere · 2026 · DOIThis study examines how gender dynamics in neoliberal higher education are portrayed on Twitter through the popular yet underexplored hashtag #womeninacademia.
Future research should explore the longitudinal impact of these consumerist narratives on both influencers and their audiences and investigate whether these patterns of empowerment are universally applicable or culturally specific.
Lessons in influence: unveiling the multimodal identity construction of female teacher influencers on Xiaohongshu · 2025 · DOIYet, the relationship between men who create food content and their followership has remained relatively underexplored.
Hegemonic Masculinities in Affective Digital Foodscapes: Male Creators Navigating Follower Feedback in Food-Related Video-Based Social Media · 2025 · DOIWomen must navigate self-imposed standards for sharing, including the need for logical coherence. Women's voices are subject to heightened scrutiny and are more likely to be dismissed, questioned, or criticized when made public.
"Without AI, I Would Never Share This Online": Unpacking How LLMs Catalyze Women's Sharing of Gendered Experiences on Social Media · 2026 · DOIThe study identifies a gap in prior research on women's online expression, highlighting the need to consider self-imposed standards and perceived risks of speaking up. The study addresses this gap by examining how interactions with LLMs support women's sharing of gendered experiences.
"Without AI, I Would Never Share This Online": Unpacking How LLMs Catalyze Women's Sharing of Gendered Experiences on Social Media · 2026 · DOIThe gap is the lack of understanding of the role of hashtags in digital activism. The gap is the lack of understanding of the specific uses and applications of femitags.
Capítulo 5. Femitags: los hashtags como caja de herramientas para el activismo feminista · 2026 · DOIThe research highlights the need for more effective enforcement of indecency guidelines.
Bold Dressing and Intimate Scenes in Pakistani Dramas: A Qualitative Study of PEMRA Guidelines and Channel Practices · 2026 · DOIWhile this study provides a detailed qualitative analysis of regulatory erosion and visual aesthetics in Pakistani dramas, certain limitations must be acknowledged: 1. Absence of Producer Perspectives: A primary constraint of this research is the lack of primary data from industry professionals, such as directors, producers, and scriptwriters.
Bold Dressing and Intimate Scenes in Pakistani Dramas: A Qualitative Study of PEMRA Guidelines and Channel Practices · 2026 · DOIThe gap in research on internalized misogyny, which has focused on hostile and hateful speech directed at women. The lack of understanding of how pro-women discourse can become a disciplinary environment that reproduces patriarchal femininity norms.
“In the Name of Pro-Women”: Intra-Women Surveillance and Internalized Misogyny in Digital East Asia · 2026 · DOIFuture research should continue to explore the mechanisms behind online sexual violence and the social infrastructure that supports it. Studies should investigate how to prevent, disrupt, and prosecute online rape communities.
The Truly Horrific Face of Masculinity: Unravelling the Phenomenon of a Global Online Rape Academy · 2026 · DOIThe study highlights the need to explore the social infrastructure that supports online rape communities.
The Truly Horrific Face of Masculinity: Unravelling the Phenomenon of a Global Online Rape Academy · 2026 · DOIThe lack of understanding of how digital fitness culture operates as a digital-age terrain of subject formation. The need to examine how discourses on sport and the body are constructed in the Instagram content of fitness influencers in Turkey.
Disciplining and self-regulating the body on instagram: A Foucauldian discourse analysis of Fitfluencers in Turkey · 2026 · DOINo datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. The study is limited to the analysis of the Barbie movie. The paper does not provide a comprehensive review of all relevant literature.
BARBIE AND THE FRAUDULENT REALITY: How can Critical Gender Discourse have an Impact on Mass Audience, and Dreams? · 2026 · DOIFurther study is needed to fully understand the implications of the Barbie movie for gender discourse. Future research could analyze the impact of other cultural artifacts on gender discourse. The study's findings could be applied to the development of more inclusive and diverse representations of gender in media.
BARBIE AND THE FRAUDULENT REALITY: How can Critical Gender Discourse have an Impact on Mass Audience, and Dreams? · 2026 · DOIFuture research could explore the ways in which drag performance can be used as a tool for social change in different contexts. The study's findings could be used to inform the development of strategies for promoting social change through drag performance. Further research could analyze the impact of extracultural drag performance on social awareness and discursive processes.
“Oh my, they just need a drag queen”. Social change through emotions and storytelling in extracultural drag performance · 2026 · DOIThere is a need for more research on the role of drag performance in shaping social awareness and initiating discursive processes. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of extracultural drag performance as a form of cultural performance.
“Oh my, they just need a drag queen”. Social change through emotions and storytelling in extracultural drag performance · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of clear guidance for families navigating complex digital environments. Digital parenting is often framed as a private moral challenge rather than a relational practice.
Future research should explore the impact of social media on the spread of extremist ideologies. Future research should investigate the role of influencers in shaping public discourse.
The spread of manosphere ideology to a Norwegian audience through ironic spectatorship: A qualitative analysis of influencer engagement with Andrew Tate · 2026 · DOIThe study used a balanced binary-gender sampling design, which may not capture the full range of gender identities, - The study's sample was limited to Chinese adults, - The study's findings may not generalize to other cultural…
Joining the gender war online: entitativity, negative emotion, and engagement with gender-polarized posts · 2026 · DOIFuture studies could explore the role of perceived entitativity in other types of online conflicts, - Future studies could examine the impact of platform context on responses to gender-polarized framing, - Future studies could investigate the relationship between negative intergroup emotion and responses to gender-polarized…
Joining the gender war online: entitativity, negative emotion, and engagement with gender-polarized posts · 2026 · DOI
Most-cited papers in Gender, Feminism, and Media
- Taking risky opportunities in youthful content creation: teenagers' use of social networking sites for intimacy, privacy and self-expression · New Media & Society · 2008 · 1,075 citations
- The Decomposition of Effects in Path Analysis · American Sociological Review · 1975 · 1,025 citations
- Post‐feminism and popular culture · Feminist Media Studies · 2004 · 1,000 citations
- #Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s algorithm, governance, and culture support toxic technocultures · New Media & Society · 2015 · 861 citations
- We Are What We Post? Self-Presentation in Personal Web Space · Journal of Consumer Research · 2003 · 857 citations
- Cultural Feminism versus Post-Structuralism: The Identity Crisis in Feminist Theory · Signs · 1988 · 729 citations
- Social Media Effects on Young Women’s Body Image Concerns: Theoretical Perspectives and an Agenda for Research · Sex Roles · 2014 · 693 citations
- Digital Ethnography · Sociology · 2008 · 617 citations
- ‘You have one identity’: performing the self on Facebook and LinkedIn · Media Culture & Society · 2013 · 605 citations
- Post-postfeminism?: new feminist visibilities in postfeminist times · Feminist Media Studies · 2016 · 604 citations
Most recent work
- A Framework for Understanding the Manosphere · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · 2026
- AI-generated image-based sexual abuse: Perpetration and consumption across three regions · Computers in Human Behavior · 2026
- Sexualized Deepfakes in UK Schools: Understanding and Preventing AI-Generated Image-Based Sexual Abuse Through Better AI Literacies · Behavioral Sciences · 2026
- When words disempower: A computational feminist analysis of dowry narratives in South Asian press · Journalism · 2026
- Between guidelines and guilt: Parenting through the chaos of screen-time discourse · Media Culture & Society · 2026
- Taking off masks and vocalising menopause · The Sociological Review · 2026
- Postfeminism with Chinese characteristics: the rise of the postfeminist intellectual celebrity in digital China · Feminist Media Studies · 2026
- Celebrity vs influencer endorsements: exploring the effects of credibility and parasocial relationships on consumer-based brand equity · Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics · 2026
- Digital Resilience in Social Media Feminist Activism: Reactance Theory Applied to Weibo and Zhihu · Media and Communication · 2026
- Techno Music and Luxury Yachts: The Misogynesque Audiovisual Affective Codes of TikTok Manfluencers · Social Media + Society · 2026
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