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Open research questions in Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients

317 gap statements mined from Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,150 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The impact of DKD on perioperative outcomes after LSF has not been well established. There is a need to evaluate the association between DKD and perioperative complications after LSF. The study aims to address this gap by using a large dataset and propensity score matching.

    Impact of diabetic kidney disease on perioperative outcomes after lumbar spinal fusion: a propensity score analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample · 2026 · DOI

  • The safety of GLP-1RA use during the perioperative period in fracture surgery remains unclear. There is a lack of studies examining the outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing surgical fixation of femoral neck fractures. The current study aims to fill this knowledge gap.

    Association of GLP-1 receptor agonist use with outcomes after surgical fixation of femoral neck fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes: a propensity score-matched analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Prospective evaluation of SHR as an early postoperative risk marker after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is needed. Further studies should investigate the relative contributions of acute glucose and background glycemia.

    Stress hyperglycemia ratio as a marker of major postoperative complications after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of glucose metabolism in the postoperative period.

    Stress hyperglycemia ratio as a marker of major postoperative complications after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of uniform and universally accepted cut-off values for acute hyperglycemia. The need to clarify the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of acute hyperglycemia in patients with AMI.

    Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Injury in Myocardial Infarction · 2024 · DOI

  • Although its broader impact is documented in other specialties, its specific prevalence and association with postoperative outcomes after orthopaedic procedures remains incompletely defined.

    Is Undiagnosed Dysglycemia Common in Orthopaedic Surgery and Is it Associated With 30-day Outcomes? A Large-database Study · 2026 · DOI

  • Although stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has been linked to adverse outcomes in various conditions, its association with clinical prognosis in AKI patients remains unclear.

    Stress hyperglycemia ratio and machine learning model for prediction of all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: A cohort study from MIMIC-IV · 2026 · DOI

  • The potential role of modified enteral solutions as an adjunctive treatment to attenuate hyperglycaemia warrants further research.

    Nutrition support, carbohydrate feeding and insulin sensitivity in the critically ill patient: a complex relationship · 2024 · DOI

  • Perioperative blood glucose control has been demonstrated to influence outcomes following spine surgery, though this association has not been fully elucidated in patients with traumatic spine injuries.

    Association of Elevated Perioperative Blood Glucose With Complications and Postoperative Outcomes Following Traumatic Spine Surgery · 2024 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between cognition and glucose fluctuations in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear.

    Association between short-term glucose fluctuations and cognition in patients with acute ischemic stroke complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus · 2024 · DOI

  • The adverse impact of GV on patient outcomes is far greater than that of isolated hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. The clinical interpretation of GV metrics in routine practice remains incompletely standardized.

    Evidence summary for optimal glycemic variability management during enteral nutrition in adult ICU patients with cerebral infarction · 2026 · DOI

  • The current literature lacks a systematic summary of the best available evidence on GV management during EN in adult patients with cerebral infarction in the ICU. The clinical interpretation of GV metrics in routine practice remains incompletely standardized.

    Evidence summary for optimal glycemic variability management during enteral nutrition in adult ICU patients with cerebral infarction · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on individualized, mechanism-informed prehabilitation strategies and evaluate their impact in prospective trials. Future studies are needed to 20 validate this integrated approach and define its impact on surgical outcomes in patients with diabetes. Despite these conceptual advances, important gaps in evidence remain.

    Prehabilitation in patients with diabetes: targeting metabolic dysfunction to improve perioperative outcomes · 2026 · DOI

  • The fundamental challenge in immunological research concerning sepsis is elucidating the mechanisms governing the relationship between metabolic status and immune outcomes. The clinical translation of H3K18la detection faces technical challenges. The heterogeneity inherent in diabetic sepsis patients may confound the observed associations.

    Transcending metabolic acidosis: lactate as an epigenetic signal reprogramming diabetes-sepsis immunity · 2026 · DOI

  • Current therapeutic evidence remains limited: dichloroacetic acid reduces serum lactate by 20-30% but shows no proven survival benefit; GPR81 modulators remain in development; GM-CSF may increase HLA-DR expression but demonstrates inconsistent effects on infection and mortality.

    Transcending metabolic acidosis: lactate as an epigenetic signal reprogramming diabetes-sepsis immunity · 2026 · DOI

  • The study had a limited sample size of 83 respondents. The study was conducted in a single country, Türkiye. The study used a self-reported questionnaire, which may be subject to biases.

    Glycemic Control Practices in Intensive Care Units: A National Survey Study · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of standardization in glycemic management practices in ICUs. Current guidelines recommend individualized glycemic targets, but real-world practices remain heterogeneous. There is a need for studies to evaluate glycemic management practices in different countries and settings.

    Glycemic Control Practices in Intensive Care Units: A National Survey Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The prognostic relevance of the triglyceride-glucose index in acute heart failure is not well established. Traditional risk markers have limited predictive performance in acute heart failure.

    Independent prognostic value of the triglyceride–glucose index and its incremental predictive contribution beyond traditional risk markers in acute heart failure: a retrospective cohort study · 2026 · DOI

  • In India, the true burden of CHI remains uncertain due to limited awareness, diagnostic delays, fragmented care pathways and restricted access specialised centers compounded by the absence of a national surveillance system.

    Molecular Genetic Spectrum and Clinical Correlates of Congenital Hyperinsulinism in India: A Multicentric Cross-sectional Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The current study has several limitations which should be considered with due attention. The first limitation is the small sample size (n = 50), which by itself interferes with the statistical power of our analyses and increases the risk of both type 1 errors (false positives due to chance findings), and type 2 error (false negatives due to insufficient power).

    Correlation of complete blood count parameters with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus · 2026 · DOI

  • The association between fasting plasma glucose and lung function in individuals with normal glucose tolerance is unclear. There is a need to investigate the relationship between glycemic parameters and lung function in normoglycemic individuals.

    Higher fasting plasma glucose within the normal range is associated with decline in percent vital capacity in individuals with persistent normal glucose tolerance · 2026 · DOI

  • The challenge is exponentially amplified in the rapidly expanding demographic of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The physiological consequences of returning large visceral volumes into a stiff, non-compliant abdomen remain perilous.

    Synergistic impact of nutritional risk, glycemic control, and systemic inflammation on Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in diabetic patients following complex ventral hernia repair: a development and validation study · 2026 · DOI

  • There is no standard insulin regimen for treating hyperglycemia in patients receiving continuous enteral tube feeding (TF) in the hospital setting.

    Regular Insulin Versus NPH Insulin for Continuous Enteral Tube Feeding in Hospitalized Patients · 2025 · DOI

  • Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of DKD on long-term outcomes after LSF, - Research should focus on developing strategies to reduce the risk of perioperative complications in DKD patients, - Studies should investigate the effects of different types of DKD on postoperative outcomes, - Future research should aim to identify predictors of DKD in LSF…

    Impact of diabetic kidney disease on perioperative outcomes after lumbar spinal fusion: a propensity score analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample · 2026 · DOI

  • No uniform and universally accepted cut-off values are available in the literature for acute hyperglycemia, - The best pharmacological treatment for acute hyperglycemia still remains a matter…

    Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Injury in Myocardial Infarction · 2024 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) The impact of DKD on perioperative outcomes after LSF has not been well established (“Impact of diabetic kidney disease on perioperative outcomes after lumbar spinal…”, 2026); (2) The safety of GLP-1RA use during the perioperative period in fracture surgery remains unclear (“Association of GLP-1 receptor agonist use with outcomes after surgical fixation…”, 2026); (3) Prospective evaluation of SHR as an early postoperative risk marker after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is needed (“Stress hyperglycemia ratio as a marker of major postoperative complications…”, 2026); (4) Although stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has been linked to adverse outcomes in various conditions, its association with clinical prognosis in AKI patients remains unclear (“Stress hyperglycemia ratio and machine learning model for prediction of…”, 2026); (5) Future research should focus on individualized, mechanism-informed prehabilitation strategies and evaluate their impact in prospective trials (“Prehabilitation in patients with diabetes: targeting metabolic dysfunction to…”, 2026). 317 gap statements have been mined from Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,150 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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