Open research questions in Media, Gender, and Advertising
164 gap statements mined from Media, Gender, and Advertising papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,723 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.
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What the literature leaves open
The prevailing assumption that golden jackals dominate red foxes is challenged by the study's findings. There is a lack of fine-scale behavioral studies on interspecific relationships among carnivores. The study addresses the gap in understanding the flexibility of interspecific behavioral responses under semi-natural scavenging conditions.
Subverting Dominance Hierarchies: Interspecific Submission and Agonistic Interactions Between Golden Jackals and a Red Fox · 2025 · DOIThe study highlights the need for further research on the use of rhetorical techniques in advertising.
The lack of representation and equality for women in the music industry.
Reinforcing or Challenging Stereotypes: Women's Portrayal in Music Videos by Selected Nigerian Female Musicians · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of research on the portrayal of women in music videos by female musicians. The study aims to address this gap by examining the ways in which female musicians are presenting women in their music videos.
Reinforcing or Challenging Stereotypes: Women's Portrayal in Music Videos by Selected Nigerian Female Musicians · 2026 · DOIFuture studies can analyze the impact of television series on public consciousness. Future studies can also examine the representation of different social groups in television series.
TELEVISION’S LEGITIMATIONS: AN OVERVIEW OF LUXURY CONSUMPTION, ILLEGALITY, AND STEREOTYPES IN THE SERIES BABİL · 2026 · DOIThere is a need to critically analyze the messages given by television series regarding consumption and popular culture. There is a lack of studies on the impact of television series on public consciousness.
TELEVISION’S LEGITIMATIONS: AN OVERVIEW OF LUXURY CONSUMPTION, ILLEGALITY, AND STEREOTYPES IN THE SERIES BABİL · 2026 · DOIFuture research should focus on developing effective strategies for teaching critical thinking and media literacy. Further studies should investigate the impact of greenwashing on consumer behavior.
Further research could explore the representation of beauty standards in other films and media. Further research could examine the impact of beauty standards on audiences, particularly women. Further research could investigate the ways in which filmmakers can promote positive and inclusive representations of beauty.
The study identifies a gap in the understanding of how beauty standards are represented in film and their impact on the main character’s personal, social, and psychological experiences. The study highlights the need for further research on the representation of beauty standards in media and their potential impact on audiences.
The study is limited to four advertising films of a luxury hotel. The findings cannot be generalized to the entire luxury tourism sector. The analysis focuses on visual texts and excludes empirical data on target audience responses or production processes.
Female Representation in Hotel Advertisements within the Framework of Laura Mulvey’s Male Gaze Theory · 2026 · DOIThe need to consider the cultural and social context of adolescent communication.
From Screen to Street: Vocal and Lexical Appropriation from Hausa-Dubbed Indian Films in Adolescent Peer Interaction in Northern Nigeria · 2026 · DOIFurther studies can apply the Vocal Influence-Appropriation Model to other contexts where media influence on adolescent language use is a concern. Future research can investigate the long-term effects of media-derived speech on adolescent social skills and communication. The study's findings can be used to inform the development of interventions aimed at promoting positive adolescent communication and social skills.
From Screen to Street: Vocal and Lexical Appropriation from Hausa-Dubbed Indian Films in Adolescent Peer Interaction in Northern Nigeria · 2026 · DOIThe data scope is limited to a six-month observation involving eight informants, one creative team member (CT-1), one producer (AP-1), and six audience members from three literacy backgrounds, and the conclusions cannot be generalized beyond this case.
Constructing Fashion as an Educational Message: A Qualitative Single-Case Study of the Runway Program on Celebrities' TV · 2026 · DOIThe study identifies a gap in the understanding of the commodification of prizes in television quiz shows. The research gap is related to the lack of transparency in sponsored content and the need for clearer regulations governing embedded advertising.
The Political Economy of Embedded Marketing in the Television Quiz Show Family 100: A Qualitative Study · 2026 · DOILack of systematic exploration of animated sequel films' full-cycle marketing systems. Existing studies mainly focus on empirical analyses of individual promotion channels.
Future research should explore the optimal level of diversity, long‐term effects on brand loyalty, and the role of AI‐driven personalization in diverse advertising.
The current study had several limitations. However, it is important to note that this figure did not account for the popularity of Disney films on streaming services, which is a limitation. Therefore, future research investigating the potential relationship between engagement with non-princess Disney animations and children’s behavior is warranted.
To address this gap in the literature, the present study first examines the prevalence and portrayal of Asian Americans in advertising produced by the top 25 advertisers in the United States from 2010 to 2019; and then compares these findings to previous studies examining the portrayal of Asian Americans in advertising from the past three decades.
The prevalence and portrayal of Asian Americans in advertising: a comparative content analysis over three decades · 2024 · DOISince the analysis of manipulative effects of semiotic features used in advertisements is scarce, the present research project investigates the potential manipulative effects of semiotic aspects used in Persian printed advertisements, and the influence of the Iranian sociocultural context on designing these visual messages.
The digital transformation of entertainment brands is no longer confined to the construction of online channels or the adoption of new technologies. The boundary between e-commerce and the entertainment industry is becoming increasingly blurred.
The study also had to address the issue of outlier participants using a two-step procedure. The study's short-term repeated-measures experimental design may have limited the generalizability of the findings.
Man Up? How Men and Women Respond to Ads Portraying Men in Gender Counter-Stereotypical Roles · 2026 · DOIFurther analysis of the representation of women in different types of advertisements. Examination of the impact of advertisements on gender relations and regimes of looking. Development of more inclusive and equitable advertising practices.
Female Representation in Hotel Advertisements within the Framework of Laura Mulvey’s Male Gaze Theory · 2026 · DOITheoretical exploration of full-cycle marketing systems for animated sequel films - Empirical studies focusing on the long-term market-oriented operation of classic animation…
Further research could explore the psychological process of cognitive dissonance triggered by social media use - Studies could investigate the impact of social media on women's GRA in different cultural…
Does Social Media Use Affect Women’s Gender Role Attitudes? An Instrumental Variable Quantile Analysis · 2026 · DOIThe study employed a short-term repeated-measures experimental design - Participants viewed only three advertisements over five days - The study had a limited sample size and drop-out…
Man Up? How Men and Women Respond to Ads Portraying Men in Gender Counter-Stereotypical Roles · 2026 · DOI
Most-cited papers in Media, Gender, and Advertising
- Uses and Gratifications Research · Public Opinion Quarterly · 1973 · 2,976 citations
- Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1976 · 1,606 citations
- The Content Analysis of Media Frames: Toward Improving Reliability and Validity · Journal of Communication · 2008 · 676 citations
- Images in Advertising: The Need for a Theory of Visual Rhetoric · Journal of Consumer Research · 1994 · 538 citations
- Exploring Differences in Males' and Females' Processing Strategies · Journal of Consumer Research · 1991 · 518 citations
- Figures of Rhetoric in Advertising Language · Journal of Consumer Research · 1996 · 427 citations
- The Information Processing of Pictures in Print Advertisements · Journal of Consumer Research · 1983 · 419 citations
- THE SOCIAL USES OF TELEVISION · Human Communication Research · 1980 · 332 citations
- Country Image: Halo or Summary Construct? · Journal of Marketing Research · 1989 · 323 citations
- The State of Cultivation · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · 2010 · 299 citations
Most recent work
- Kibiriti Ngoma: Gender Relations in Swahili Comics and Taarab-music · University of Vienna · 2026
- Gendered marketing on takeaway alcohol products in Australia: A semiotic analysis of advertising to women · International Journal of Drug Policy · 2026
- Does Social Media Use Affect Women’s Gender Role Attitudes? An Instrumental Variable Quantile Analysis · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · 2026
- Narrative shifts and empowering concerns: representation of violence against women and girls in Nigerian films · Feminist Media Studies · 2026
- Do Consumer Attitudes Toward Gender Equality Matter? Brand‐Related Consumer Responses to Femvertising in a Country With a Low Gender Equality Index · International Journal of Consumer Studies · 2026
- Using critical discursive psychology to study masculinities in media: Pitfalls and best practices. · Psychology of Men & Masculinities · 2026
- A Rhetorical Analysis of Cosmetic Advertisements: Thinking About Logical Fallacies · Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi/26306220 · 2026
- NARRATIVAS PÓS-CAMPBELLIANAS EM DESIGN DE MARCA: VULNERABILIDADE, ARQUÉTIPOS E AUTENTICIDADE EM “KPOP DEMON HUNTERS” · Revista de Geopolítica · 2026
- Cultivation at 50 · Mass Communication & Society · 2026
- A Content Analysis of Popular YouTube Channels Regarding Children’s Food and Nutrition Literacy · Journal of Childhood Studies · 2026
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