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Open research questions in Neonatal Respiratory Health Research

225 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 939 Neonatal Respiratory Health Research papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • We found no studies on caffeine dose modifications and co-administration with surfactant.

    Strategies for caffeine administration in preterm infants: route, dosing, monitoring, and adjunctive interventions - a systematic review · 2026 · DOI

  • Abstract Introduction Caffeine is widely used in preterm infants, yet the optimal administration strategy remains unclear.

    Strategies for caffeine administration in preterm infants: route, dosing, monitoring, and adjunctive interventions - a systematic review · 2026 · DOI

  • Multicenter randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings, especially in preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

    Respiratory effects of off label anakinra in critically ill neonates: a 15-patient observational cohort study · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite the availability of modifiable risk factors and cost effective interventions, data on incidence of mortality of preterm neonates in the study area is lacking.

    Incidence and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Wallaga University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Nekemte Town, East Wallaga, Oromia, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study · 2026 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Because the respiratory system of extremely/very preterm infants is immature, respiratory support is essential to their care; however, the effects of invasive and non-invasive ventilation modes on prognosis and complications remain controversial.

    Outcomes and complications of invasive versus non-invasive respiratory support in extremely preterm infants: a retrospective study · 2026 · DOI

  • The proportion of mothers receiving short AS courses were consistent over time but varied widely by region (Northern 17/223: 7.

    Shortened Courses of Antenatal Steroids in Preterm Births: An Observational Study · 2025 · DOI

  • While it is known alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells give rise to alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells to repair the alveolar epithelium after injury, methods to promote this process under pathological settings are poorly understood.

    Triggering AHR resolves TGF-β1 induced fibroblast activation and promotes AT1 cell regeneration in alveolar organoids · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in guiding neonatal care remains underexplored.

    AI-guided precision parenteral nutrition for neonatal intensive care units · 2025 · DOI

  • Rates of hypoglycemia and hypocapnia improved in the second 15-year period, but further focus on improvements in both temperature and CO 2 control is warranted.

    A population-based study of neonatal air transport in the Arctic region of Norway from 1994 to 2023 · 2025 · DOI

  • Background Metabolic acidosis is a common condition in preterm infants; however, its independent role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains unclear.

    Metabolic acidosis as a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants born between 23 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks of gestation: a retrospective case-control study · 2025 · DOI

  • Background Less Invasive Surfactant Administration (LISA) has been established for treating respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants, but the impact of pharmacological analgesia or video laryngoscopy on procedural success and safety remains unclear.

    Procedural success and safety of a standardized less invasive surfactant administration protocol using fentanyl premedication and video laryngoscopy in preterm infants <32 weeks’ gestation · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between early weight changes and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains unclear.

    Third-day weight changes and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk in preterm infants: a cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • Nevertheless, the molecular pathways leading to the BPD-like phenotype remain poorly understood.

    Longitudinal transcriptomic analysis of the hyperoxia-exposed preterm rabbit as a model of BPD · 2025 · DOI

  • The underlying reasons for this discrepancy remain to be elucidated, whether due to differences in etiology, clinical practice, or patient demographics.

    The Shenzhen neonatal ARDS cohort study: a multi-omics approach to elucidating regional epidemiology, refined phenotypes, and long-term outcomes · 2025 · DOI

  • Our aim was to investigate the association between neonatal outcome and ACT in twin pregnancies with late preterm birth, where the effects of corticosteroids have not been adequately studied.

    Antenatal corticosteroid treatment after 34 weeks of gestation in twin pregnancies at high risk of late preterm delivery · 2025 · DOI

  • Further investigation of safety of this complex intervention in larger, comparative studies is warranted.

    Extra-uterine placental transfusion and intact-cord stabilisation of infants in caesarean sections: an intervention development and pilot-study (INTACT-1) · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Administering antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) to those at risk for early-preterm delivery has been widely recommended, yet the evidence regarding twin pregnancies remains insufficient and controversial.

    Early preterm antenatal corticosteroids and neonatal outcomes for twin pregnancies: a propensity score-weighted cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • Certain components of the Apgar score are used to assess neonatal condition, but their value is insufficiently validated.

    Assessing the postnatal condition: the predictive value of single items of the Apgar score · 2025 · DOI

  • Although standard management exists in the neonatal intensive care unit, the determinants are not well understood.

    Risk factors of respiratory distress among newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at public hospitals of addis ababa, Ethiopia. unmatched case-control study · 2025 · DOI

  • Longer-term impacts of different transfusion thresholds in treatment for anemia of prematurity remain unknown.

    The transfusion of prematures early school age follow-up (TOP 5): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • A limitation of this study is that the research design is an Interrupted Time Series (ITS).

    Study protocol of “A preterm infant life-saving package including a simple and affordable incubator and a portable flow generator mask-CPAP in resource-limited settings” SAVE preterm trial, saving preterm infants by adopting vital equipment · 2025 · DOI

  • STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY: Evaluation of the effectiveness of devices available in resource limited settings where neonatal mortality remains high.

    Study protocol of “A preterm infant life-saving package including a simple and affordable incubator and a portable flow generator mask-CPAP in resource-limited settings” SAVE preterm trial, saving preterm infants by adopting vital equipment · 2025 · DOI

  • Despite advancements in neonatal care, the mortality rate in these preterm infants remains high, and the factors influencing mortality remain unclear.

    Risk factors of early mortality within 72 hours of birth in neonates born at 22 23 weeks' gestation · 2025 · DOI

  • The Neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (nSOFA) score has emerged as a potential predictor of adverse outcomes, but its association with prolonged MV remains unclear.

    nSOFA scores predict prolonged mechanical ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Few data are available on the interplay of antenatal and early inhaled postnatal corticosteroids.

    Influence of antenatal steroids on the effect of early inhaled postnatal corticosteroids: a post-hoc analysis of the NEuroSIS trial · 2025 · DOI

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225 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 939 Neonatal Respiratory Health Research papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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