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Open research questions in Pelvic floor disorders treatments

78 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 851 Pelvic floor disorders treatments papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation (BES) offers an innovative, non-invasive rehabilitation treatment for this issue, but the clinical efficacy remains unclear.

    Pelvic floor physical therapy combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation for postoperative fecal incontinence in children with Hirschsprung’s disease · 2026 · DOI

  • Abstract Background Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common yet under-recognized condition among older adults, particularly in outpatient settings, where symptoms are often underreported.

    Urinary incontinence among older adults in Saudi Arabia: prevalence, severity, and associated factors · 2026 · DOI

  • ABSTRACT Objective Although urinary incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent among women, treatment seeking remains low, in part due to limited knowledge of the condition.

    Urinary Incontinence Knowledge and Information Sources Among College Women: A Cross‐Sectional Survey · 2026 · DOI

  • Awareness and knowledge of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) among young women in the United States remains poorly characterized despite growing interest in early pelvic floor health education.

    Urinary Incontinence Knowledge and Information Sources Among College Women: A Cross‐Sectional Survey · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research on involuntary PFM activity in women who suffer from SUI is needed to differentiate possible pathological changes of the involuntary PFM activity and to improve training concepts with focus on involuntary PFM activity.

    INVOLUNTARY ACTIVITY OF PELVIC FLOOR MUSCLES IN HEALTHY WOMEN WHILE PERFORMING ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING · 2026 · DOI

  • WHY THIS MATTERS    Journals (/journals) Defining success for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is complex  Books (/booksbrowse) and varies widely among our field’s available literature.

    Short-term Outcomes of Midurethral Sling at the Time of Apical Suspension · 2026 · DOI

  • A limitation of this study is the small number of participants (18 women) and the absence of a control group, which may affect the generalizability of the results. The lack of a control group repre‐ sents a major limitation, as it prevents definitive attribution of the observed effects exclusively to the intervention, despite statistical significance.

    Evaluation of the effectiveness of physiotherapy and its impact on the quality of life of female patients with stress urinary incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • Optilume shows S99 CUAJ • JUNE 2026 • VOLUME 20, ISSUE 6(SUPPL1) promising mid-term outcomes and may represent a minimally invasive alterna- tive before definitive surgical repair; however, longer followup is warranted to assess long-term efficacy.

    Poster Session 10: Functional Urology, Reconstructive Urology (Part 2) · 2026 · DOI

  • Coital urinary incontinence (CUI), defined as involuntary urine leakage during or after sexual activity, is a common yet underreported condition affecting both women and men, with significant effects on emotional wellbeing, sexual satisfaction and intimate relationships.

    Coital urinary incontinence: management and support for patients · 2026 · DOI

  • Over one-third of sagittal-positive exams showed no corresponding free fluid on transverse imaging, and nearly one-fifth of transverse-positive exams lacked sagittal findings, indicating discordant detection between planes. Future prospective work should investigate the mechanism behind this plane-specific free fluid detection discordance—whether attributable to fluid distribution patterns, probe positioning technique, or image interpretation bias—to optimize scanning protocols for two-plane pelvic FAST examinations.

    Are Two Planes Better Than One?: A Comparative Analysis of Transverse versus Sagittal Pelvic Views in the FAST Examinations · 2026 · DOI

  • Image quality and provider confidence were evaluated for sagittal and transverse suprapubic views in isolation without assessing confounding factors such as scanning time required, body habitus categories, or anatomical variations. Future work should prospectively measure how body habitus, patient BMI, and time-to-diagnostic-image influence the relative utility of sagittal versus transverse two-plane pelvic FAST imaging across diverse patient populations.

    Are Two Planes Better Than One?: A Comparative Analysis of Transverse versus Sagittal Pelvic Views in the FAST Examinations · 2026 · DOI

  • The study population was heterogeneous, mixing acute trauma patients with non-trauma patients who had ascites or other intra-abdominal fluid, creating clinically distinct scenarios. Future prospective work should separately evaluate the diagnostic benefit of sagittal versus transverse suprapubic views specifically in confirmed acute trauma populations to isolate the imaging plane advantage for traumatic free fluid detection from other etiologies.

    Are Two Planes Better Than One?: A Comparative Analysis of Transverse versus Sagittal Pelvic Views in the FAST Examinations · 2026 · DOI

  • No definitive gold standard (operative findings or computed tomography) was used to verify free fluid presence or absence in the suprapubic area, relying instead on image interpretation and interrater agreement. A prospective multi-center study comparing two-plane pelvic FAST imaging interpretations directly against CT findings or intraoperative confirmation in trauma patients is needed to establish true diagnostic accuracy rather than relying on interrater agreement alone.

    Are Two Planes Better Than One?: A Comparative Analysis of Transverse versus Sagittal Pelvic Views in the FAST Examinations · 2026 · DOI

  • The study used fellowship-trained emergency physicians as image reviewers, which may not represent diagnostic accuracy and confidence levels achieved by less advanced ultrasound users in clinical practice. Future work should prospectively evaluate two-plane pelvic FAST imaging across varying provider experience levels (resident, attending, non-fellowship trained) to determine if the complementary diagnostic benefit of sagittal and transverse views persists with less specialized sonographers.

    Are Two Planes Better Than One?: A Comparative Analysis of Transverse versus Sagittal Pelvic Views in the FAST Examinations · 2026 · DOI

  • The study reports overall failure rate of 59.3% with transvaginal ultrasound-guided PRP injection in the heterogeneous cohort, but lacks stratified analysis of whether injection anatomical positioning (distance from urethral meatus, depth within urethral submucosa, or lateral versus midline placement) correlates with treatment success in patients with moderate-to-severe stress urinary incontinence.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • Follow-up assessment periods in the current PRP injection study for female stress urinary incontinence are not explicitly defined in this excerpt, limiting evaluation of long-term durability; randomized controlled studies with specified extended follow-up periods (beyond 12 months) are needed to determine whether repeated periurethral PRP injections maintain efficacy or require periodic retreatment protocols.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper demonstrates that younger age predicts better PRP treatment outcomes for stress urinary incontinence, but does not specify the threshold age or investigate whether age-stratified dosing regimens (e.g., higher PRP concentrations or additional injections for patients ≥40 years) could equalize efficacy across age groups.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • The study reports divergent efficacy outcomes between transvaginal ultrasound-guided PRP injection and alternative minimally invasive approaches (referenced comparison with midurethral sling in Daneshpajooh et al.), but the comparison remains incomplete and lacks direct randomized controlled trial evidence establishing superiority or equivalence of the ultrasound-guided transvaginal approach.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies that increased parity and normal vaginal delivery are associated with poor PRP treatment outcomes in female stress urinary incontinence, but provides no investigation into whether modified PRP preparation protocols (e.g., adjusted platelet concentration, growth factor profiles, or injection volume) could overcome delivery-related sphincter damage.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • The study demonstrates that PRP injection efficacy for female stress urinary incontinence decreases substantially with severity (50% efficacy in mild SUI, 20% in moderate SUI, 14.3% in severe SUI after first dose), but lacks investigation into the mechanistic reasons why periurethral PRP injections fail to generate adequate tissue regeneration or urethral sphincter strengthening in moderate-to-severe cases.

    Effectiveness and Feasibility of Transvaginal Ultrasound–Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for The Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence · 2026 · DOI

  • In Turkey, there is no registration system or research yet concerning the UI and its economic burden, and available data is limited to the costs of diagnosis and treatment specified in the Healthcare Implementation Communiqué (SUT).

    Üriner İnkontinansın Hastalık Yükü ve Maliyeti · 2021 · DOI

  • IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) has become a widely used intervention strategy during the last decade; nevertheless, few studies have reported its outcomes and complications.

    Complications and clinical outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse · 2020 · DOI

  • MATERIAL AND METHODS: A limited literature search was carried out for the words posterior fornix syndrome; obstructed micturition; post-void residual.

    Underactive bladder may be caused by uterosacral ligament laxity - a critical review of two paradigms · 2018 · DOI

  • DESIGN AND SETTING: Pubmed, EMBASE, DARE, the Cochrane Library and the register of Current Controlled Trials were searched for randomised trials (restricted to Burch colposuspension and midurethral sling as incontinence procedure) from 1995 to 2013 limited to the English literature.

    Prolapse surgery with or without stress incontinence surgery for pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised trials · 2014 · DOI

  • Uncomplicated urinary incontinence (UI) in school-age children is a prevalent yet underrecognized problem that has remained in the shadow of other concerns commonly perceived as more prominent or urgent.

    School Nurse Interventions in Managing Functional Urinary Incontinence in School-Age Children · 2010 · DOI

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78 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 851 Pelvic floor disorders treatments papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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