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Open research questions in Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies

294 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,085 Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of PFGR and VFGR, - Studies should investigate the effects of maternal characteristics on the risk of PFGR and VFGR, - Research should focus on developing strategies for early detection and prevention of PFGR and VFGR

    Why only one-quarter of placental fetal growth restriction triggers preeclampsia? Clinical risk factors in 2060 cases in a 24-year cohort of 90,000 births · 2026 · DOI

  • The current understanding of the relationship between fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia is limited. There is a need to identify susceptibility and protective factors differentiating maternal tolerance from overt hypertensive disease.

    Why only one-quarter of placental fetal growth restriction triggers preeclampsia? Clinical risk factors in 2060 cases in a 24-year cohort of 90,000 births · 2026 · DOI

  • The gap in current understanding is the role of isthmin-2 in the early pathophysiology of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Prior work has not identified a strong predictor of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction in the first trimester.

    Isthmin-2 is a first-trimester predictor of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction · 2026 · DOI

  • the study was limited to articles published in the English language, - the study was limited to articles published in the last 20 years, - other databases were not included due to limitations in accessibility

    Prevalence of pre-eclampsia in women in the Middle East: a scoping review · 2024 · DOI

  • lack of prior published research investigating the prevalence of pre-eclampsia in the Middle East - limited geographical scope of existing studies, with only five countries represented - need for more comprehensive and population-based studies on pre-eclampsia in the region

    Prevalence of pre-eclampsia in women in the Middle East: a scoping review · 2024 · DOI

  • Clinical translation of therapeutic strategies remains challenging. Large-scale studies are needed to validate biomarkers. Ethical concerns exist for human application of genetic factors.

    Oxidative Stress and Placental Pathogenesis: A Contemporary Overview of Potential Biomarkers and Emerging Therapeutics · 2024 · DOI

  • There is a need to understand the impact of oxidative stress on placental development and function. Current therapeutic strategies for pregnancy-related complications are limited, and there is a need for effective and personalized therapies. The clinical translation of emerging therapeutic strategies remains challenging.

    Oxidative Stress and Placental Pathogenesis: A Contemporary Overview of Potential Biomarkers and Emerging Therapeutics · 2024 · DOI

  • The exact pathophysiology of preeclampsia is still unknown. There is a need to identify reliable biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of preeclampsia. The role of miRNAs in trophoblast invasion and in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is not fully understood.

    Circulating miRNAs and Preeclampsia: From Implantation to Epigenetics · 2024 · DOI

  • investigating the potential role of miRNAs from an epigenetic perspective, - exploring the possibility of using miRNAs as a tool for the prediction of preeclampsia onset and severity

    Circulating miRNAs and Preeclampsia: From Implantation to Epigenetics · 2024 · DOI

  • Integration of multi-omic data, - Validation of findings in diverse PE populations and clinical subtypes, - Development of analytical approaches and experimental models to study the complex interplay of placental and maternal factors in PE etiology

    Placental Origins of Preeclampsia: Insights from Multi-Omic Studies · 2024 · DOI

  • There is considerable variability among studies, underscoring the need for standardized methodologies and larger sample sizes. There is a lack of validation of the identified proteins and genetic variants. The paper identifies the need for integration of multi-omic data and validation of findings in diverse preeclampsia populations and clinical subtypes.

    Placental Origins of Preeclampsia: Insights from Multi-Omic Studies · 2024 · DOI

  • Incorporating EDD discrepancies into risk algorithms for genetic disease, growth restriction, and preeclampsia may improve prediction and warrants further study.

    Discrepancy in menstrual and ultrasound‐based gestational age is associated with chromosomal aberrations and adverse pregnancy outcomes—Results from a nationwide cohort study · 2026 · DOI

  • MRI provides accurate volumetry, but normative reference data for AFV remain scarce.

    Normative range for MRI amniotic fluid volume from 16 to 36 gestational weeks: Absolute and relative values, and correlation to ultrasound · 2026 · DOI

  • CONCLUSIONS: These findings support epidemiological findings that term fetuses with iSUA are more susceptible to hypoxia, warranting further research into tailored management strategies.

    Intrapartum CTG characteristics associated with isolated single umbilical artery in term fetuses: A matched case–control study · 2026 · DOI

  • These phenotypes could support the need for future risk stratification and more personalised management; prospective external validation is warranted.

    Phenotyping Preeclampsia Using Unsupervised Machine Learning: A Prospective Cohort Study · 2026 · DOI

  • Although these processes are tightly regulated by gene-expression programmes, the role of sex-specific vascular signalling in placental development remains poorly understood.

    Fetal sex influences molecular regulation of human placental vascular development across gestation · 2026 · DOI

  • Males experience elevated mortality and morbidity during the perinatal period and infancy; however, the biological origins of this vulnerability remain unclear.

    Fetal sex influences molecular regulation of human placental vascular development across gestation · 2026 · DOI

  • The combined impact of these opposing loads on cardiac function and strain remains unclear.

    Adaptations of the pregnant murine heart to pre-existing hypertension · 2026 · DOI

  • How trophoblasts communicate with the endometrium to coordinate this remodeling remains poorly understood.

    HIF2α-Regulated Pathways Control Human Extravillous Trophoblast Functions by Modulating Cell-to-Cell Communication Through Extracellular Vesicles · 2026 · DOI

  • For instance, how DNMT expression and enzymatic assembly adapt to localized physical forces at the feto-maternal interface remains unknown.

    DNA methyltransferases in trophoblast differentiation: extant knowledge and emerging paradigms · 2026 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) affect over 10% of pregnancies worldwide, but their association with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome remains unexplored.

    Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome · 2026 · DOI

  • Despite decades of research on fetal venous Doppler, its scientific evolution and the position of umbilical vein blood flow within the field remain insufficiently mapped.

    Global research trends in fetal venous Doppler and umbilical vein blood flow: a bibliometric and visualization analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Although comparative studies suggest a transcervical balloon catheter may reduce the incidence of uterine tachysystole and fetal heart rate abnormalities over prostaglandins (all indications combined), this remains insufficiently studied for FGR.

    Prostaglandins versus transcervical balloon for induction of labor for fetal growth restriction: study protocol for a randomized, multicenter, open-label, superiority trial (PROBIN) · 2026 · DOI

  • Whether acute adverse maternal outcomes during hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with abnormal left ventricular geometry and function has not been widely studied.

    Cardiac dysfunction during adverse maternal outcomes in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between umbilical cord serum IGF-1 levels and fetal fractional limb volume remains unclear.

    Umbilical cord serum insulin‐like growth factor‐1 is associated with growth of fetal fractional limb volume: A prospective study · 2025 · DOI

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294 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,085 Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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