Open research questions in Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
792 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 8,114 Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.
What the literature leaves open
The study identifies a gap in understanding the relationship between students' perceived parent-teacher-student relationships, sense of school belonging, and well-being. The study explores whether there are differences between primary and secondary school students on the main dimensions.
Relationship between students’ perceived parent–teacher–student relationships, sense of school belonging, and well-being in China: investigating the difference between primary and secondary students · 2026 · DOIMeasurement ambiguity in the Externalizing Problem Behaviors Scale. The need to control for various individual, family, and school characteristics. The challenge of ensuring the reliability and validity of the measures used.
The influence of physical exercise on adolescents’ externalizing problem behaviors: mediating effects of parent–child relationships, self-esteem, and self-control · 2024 · DOIWhile only a few studies have been published on effects on siblings, the trend is that giftedness does cause adjustment problems for non- identified siblings.
Allergic diseases can disrupt sleep, reduce academic concentration, limit daily activities, and impair overall quality of life. Adolescence is a period marked by rapid physical and emotional development, and the presence of a chronic illness may further increase psychological and social vulnerability.
This study has several limitations. First, the KYRBS relies on self-reported information, which may introduce recall bias and social desirability bias, particularly for sensitive behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and mental health symptoms. Second, the cross-sectional design limits causal interpretation, which means it cannot determine whether allergic diseases contribute to poor mental health, whether psychological distress affects symptom perception, or whether shared factors account for the observed associations. Third, although a wide range of covariates was included, unmeasured confounding may remain, including disease severity, environmental exposures, parental mental health, and access to healthcare. Fourth, allergic diseases were identified through self-reported physician diagnosis without clinical confirmation, which may result in misclassification. Fifth, the categorization of key behaviors such as physical activity, screen time, and sleep satisfaction may not fully reflect intensity, duration, or qualitative differences. In addition, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were analyzed as a single allergic disease group, which may have obscured disease-specific psychosocial associations given the heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and symptom burden across these conditions. As a result, the observed associations should be interpreted as reflecting overall patterns among adolescents with allergic diseases rather than condition-specific effects. Lastly, while sex-stratified analyses highlighted consistent differences in the overall mental health burden between boys and girls, most sex-bycovariate interaction terms were not statistically significant. Therefore, the findings should be interpreted as reflecting differences in levels of vulnerability rather than evidence of fundamentally distinct etiological mechanisms by sex. Despite these limitations, the study has important strengths. It uses a large national dataset that supports generalizability to Korean adolescents with allergic diseases. The use of complex survey weights ensures accurate population level estimates. The sex stratified analyses and comprehensive adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, 173 YeoJin Im and Su Hee Kim. Sex Differences in Allergic Adolescentshttps://www.j-sgbm.org Sex Gender Biomed Vol. 1, No. 2, May 2026 and health related variables provide meaningful insight into sex specific mental health patterns in this group. The inclusion of multiple mental health outcomes, including stress, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and suicide ideation, allows a more complete understanding of psychological vulnerability among adolescents with allergic diseases.
The study identifies a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between perceived emotional neglect, social emotional competence, and interpersonal dependency in young adults. The study aims to address this gap by examining the relationship between these variables using a quantitative correlational design.
A Perceived Emotional Neglect, Social Emotional Competence, and Interpersonal Dependency in Young Adults · 2026 · DOIThe use of longitudinal research design may help build a causative relationship and conduct additional studies. 2. The use of larger sample size is encouraged along with diversified subjects' age, educational background, and regional experience. 3. The inclusion of more psychological variables in the research process is encouraged, including (but not limited to) mental health state, personality traits, self-esteem and family environment to understand emotional development. 4. Researchers are encouraged to pay special attention to program designing in order to improve social-emotional competence of respondents. 5. Schools, colleges, and universities are recommended to design and implement the necessary training programs to enable demonstrating emotional skills, such as self-awareness, emotional control, and relationship management with other people. 6. Parents should have relevant information regarding the creation of supportive environment for children. 7. Universities should provide relevant counseling services for their students' emotional wellbeing. REFERENCES Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. N. (2015). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. New York, NY: Psychology Press. Anwar, A., Ayyubi, M. S., Riaz, F., & Shabeer, M. G. (2024). Regional disparities in food security: An empirical analysis of Pakistan’s provinces and regions. The Journal of Research Review, 1(4), 502- 511. Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. Bornstein, R. F. (2012). From dysfunction to adaptation: An interactionist model of dependency. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8(1), 291–316. Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss. New York, NY: Basic Books. Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., & Linehan, M. M. (2009). A biosocial developmental model of borderline personality disorder: Elaborating and extending Linehan’s theory. Psychological Bulletin, 135(3), 495–510. Daniel, I., Yusuf, A. H., Masih, S., & Daniel, K. (2025). Unraveling the path from digital fatigue to workplace thriving: A serial mediation model based on the job demands–resources framework. Social Science Review Archives, 3(4), 4575-4593. Denham, S. A., Bassett, H. H., & Wyatt, T. (2007). The socialization of emotional competence. In J. E. Grusec & P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research (pp. 614–637). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, 82(1), 405–432. Copyright © 2025.
A Perceived Emotional Neglect, Social Emotional Competence, and Interpersonal Dependency in Young Adults · 2026 · DOIThe study notes that future research involving randomly drawn samples from each grade or a longitudinal design should help reconfirm the non-linear effect. The study acknowledges that the linear age effect commonly found with performance-based EF tasks was not supported in the current study.
Establishing the Taiwanese Traditional Chinese version Teenage Executive Functioning Inventory (TC-TEXI): Psychometric properties of self-report, parent-rating, and teacher-rating and the predictability on positive mental health · 2026 · DOIThe study suggests that future research involving randomly drawn samples from each grade or a longitudinal design should help reconfirm the non-linear effect. The study highlights the need for further research on the relationship between executive functioning and positive mental health.
Establishing the Taiwanese Traditional Chinese version Teenage Executive Functioning Inventory (TC-TEXI): Psychometric properties of self-report, parent-rating, and teacher-rating and the predictability on positive mental health · 2026 · DOIThere is a need to examine the relationship between parental reactions and children's emotion regulation. There is a need to investigate the mediating role of parental competence in this association.
Parental reactions to children’s negative emotions and their emotion regulation in the early school years: The mediating role of parental competence · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of research on the curvilinear relationship between maternal parenting stress and internalizing problems in adolescents. The study aims to address this gap by exploring the moderating effects of family socioeconomic status and adolescent gender on this relationship.
The Curvilinear Relationship between Maternal-Parenting Stress and Adolescent Internalizing-Problems: Family Socioeconomic-Status and Adolescent Gender’s Moderating Roles · 2026 · DOIThe underlying mechanisms of the relationship between teacher-student relationships and adolescent well-being are not well understood. The processual function of school belonging in shaping well-being is not clear.
Examining Associations between Teacher–Student Relationships and Adolescent Well-Being: The Roles of School Belonging, Moral Disengagement, and Growth Mindset · 2026 · DOIFuture studies can examine the longitudinal effects of Alpha-mom blog use on mothers' mental health. Future studies can explore the potential benefits and limitations of social media for mothers' mental health in different cultural contexts. Future studies can develop targeted interventions and support services for mothers based on the findings of this study.
How Alpha-Mom Blog Use Enhances the Mental Health of Mothers of Young Children: From the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of understanding of the relationship between Alpha-mom blog use and mothers' mental health. Prior studies have not examined the role of parenting self-efficacy and perceived social support in this relationship. The study aims to address this gap by examining the relationship between Alpha-mom blog use and mothers' mental health.
How Alpha-Mom Blog Use Enhances the Mental Health of Mothers of Young Children: From the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory · 2026 · DOIThe psychological mechanisms linking interpersonal disturbance to psychological security among left-behind children are not well understood. There is a need to explore the relationship between interpersonal disturbance and psychological security among left-behind children. The current study aims to address this research gap by examining the serial mediation effect of resilience and self-esteem.
Interpersonal Disturbance and Psychological Security among China’s Left-Behind Children: The Serial Mediation Effect of Resilience and Self-Esteem · 2026 · DOIThe mechanisms of depression among high school students are not well understood. The role of negative family representations, cognitive failure, and self-compassion in adolescent depression is not well explored.
Longitudinal Association between Negative Family Representations and Depression in High School Students: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Failure and the Moderating Role of Self-Compassion · 2026 · DOIAs an initial adaptation study, future research should examine measurement invariance across subgroups, assess temporal stability through longitudinal designs, and evaluate clinical utility, including sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values.
Adaptation and Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) Among Primiparous Mothers Who Use Social Media · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of research on the impact of parenting styles on child development in rural Thailand. The study aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of parenting styles on cognitive and non-cognitive skills.
Impact of parenting styles on cognitive and non-cognitive skills of young children: Evidence from rural Thailand · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of understanding of the relationship between post-traumatic stress, quality of life, and loneliness levels in adolescents after an earthquake. Prior research has not fully examined the factors that influence adolescents' loneliness levels and post-traumatic stress levels.
Examination of Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction, Quality of Life, and Loneliness Levels in Adolescents Who Experienced an Earthquake · 2026 · DOIThe results obtained from the study can be generalized to adolescents studying in related schools. Acknowledgements We thank the adolescent and their parents who agreed to take part in the study. Author Contributions G.A. and E.S.K. led the conception and design of the study, as well as the acquisition and analysis of data, and drafted the manuscript. G.A. and E.S.K. contributed to the design of the study and provided critical revisions to the manuscript. E.S.K. and H.O. assisted with data acquisition and contributed to the analysis. G.A. and E.S.K. and H.O. provided signifcant input in the interpreta- tion of data and helped to revise the manuscript for important intel- lectual content. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Funding Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Techno- logical Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK). Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma1 3 Declarations Ethical Consideration Prior to the study, ethical committee approval (Date: 07.11.2024 Number: E.65256) and institutional approval were obtained from the hospital where the research was conducted. Written consent was obtained from the parents using the informed voluntary consent form. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit h t t p : / / c r e a t i v e c o m m o n s . o r g / l i c e n s e s / b y / 4 . 0 /.
Examination of Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction, Quality of Life, and Loneliness Levels in Adolescents Who Experienced an Earthquake · 2026 · DOIThe study faces challenges due to the complexity and sensitivity of the topic. The study may be limited by biases in self-reported data. The study may face challenges in recruiting participants due to the stigma associated with child maltreatment.
Parenting After Child Maltreatment: A Study of Maternal Parenting Strategies and the Parent-child Relationship · 2026 · DOIFuture research should investigate the long-term effects of maltreatment experiences on parenting strategies and the parent-child relationship. Future research should explore the development of interventions to support parenting among mothers with maltreatment experiences.
Parenting After Child Maltreatment: A Study of Maternal Parenting Strategies and the Parent-child Relationship · 2026 · DOIThe study identifies a gap in the literature on the relational determinants of students' mood. The study highlights the need for further research on teacher-student relations.
Relational Determinants of Students’ Mood – Based on a Research Study of Students at a Technical College and a First-Level Vocational School · 2026 · DOIInsecure attachment styles are associated with social incompetence. Learners with social incompetence exhibit low self-esteem, antisocial behaviours, and poor emotional competence. There is a lack of understanding of the relationship between attachment styles and social incompetence.
Social Incompetence of Learners with Insecure Attachment Styles: A Multiple Case Study of Three Secondary Schools in South Africa · 2026 · DOIThere is a lack of understanding of the relationship between attachment styles and social incompetence. There is a need to investigate the experiences of learners with insecure attachment styles. There is a need to develop effective interventions to promote secure attachment styles and prevent social incompetence.
Social Incompetence of Learners with Insecure Attachment Styles: A Multiple Case Study of Three Secondary Schools in South Africa · 2026 · DOI
Most-cited papers in Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review · The Journal of Educational Research · 2006 · 5,151 citations
- Personality Structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model · Annual Review of Psychology · 1990 · 4,209 citations
- Socioeconomic Status and Child Development · Annual Review of Psychology · 2002 · 3,936 citations
- A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment. · Psychological Bulletin · 1994 · 3,861 citations
- Parenting style as context: An integrative model. · Psychological Bulletin · 1993 · 2,896 citations
- The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · 1987 · 2,880 citations
- The Perceived Competence Scale for Children · Child Development · 1982 · 2,390 citations
- Development during adolescence: The impact of stage-environment fit on young adolescents' experiences in schools and in families. · American Psychologist · 1993 · 2,285 citations
- Development during adolescence: The impact of stage€nvironment fit on young adolescents' experiences in schools and in families. · American Psychologist · 1993 · 2,285 citations
- Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · 2001 · 2,284 citations
Most recent work
- Social stigma, internalised shame and psychological struggles in adopted adolescents: A mediated model · Adoption & Fostering · 2026
- A meta-analytical review of parent–child communication and children feeling caught between parents · Communication Monographs · 2026
- Caregiving, maternal burnout, and child dysregulation: Validating the Italian Caregiving Experiences Questionnaire · Family Relations · 2026
- Sex Differences in Mental Health among Korean Adolescents with Allergic Diseases · Sex- and Gender-Specific Biomedicine · 2026
- The Social Value of Sadness: A Pathway to Sympathy and Prosocial Behavior in Middle-Childhood · The Journal of Genetic Psychology · 2026
- Impact of parenting styles on cognitive and non-cognitive skills of young children: Evidence from rural Thailand · Review of Economics of the Household · 2026
- Legitimacy of parental authority in emerging adulthood: Effects of support, demands, and psychological control · Family Relations · 2026
- Examination of Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction, Quality of Life, and Loneliness Levels in Adolescents Who Experienced an Earthquake · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · 2026
- No Evidence for Associations Among Minimal Self Facets or with Attachment in Early Childhood: A Registered Report · Journal of Cognition and Development · 2026
- The Mediating Role of Demographic Factors on the Psychological Wellbeing of Parents with Down Syndrome Children · Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities · 2026
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