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Open research questions in China's Ethnic Minorities and Relations

28 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,651 China's Ethnic Minorities and Relations papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • As it is insufficient to learn English as a mere language, contemporary English classes should further equip students with intercultural citizenship education (Fang & Baker, 2018; Fang & Ren, 2018).

    China English, Chinese English, and Chinglish: Does It Matter? · 2026 · DOI

  • Abstract This three-year longitudinal case study explored how trilingual Uyghur intranational migrant students utilized digital technologies to learn languages and negotiate their identities in Han-dominant environments during their internal migrations within China, a topic that has been scarcely researched before.

    Digital technologies and identity negotiation: a study of trilingual Uyghur university students’ language learning experiences in intranational migrations · 2025 · DOI

  • Xinjiang’s shift in 2021 from a campaign-style mobilizational to an institutionalized approach deepens coercive risks of this often poorly understood coercive labour strategy.

    The conceptual evolution of poverty alleviation through labour transfer in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region · 2023 · DOI

  • The “Shadian conflict,” which erupted in 1964 and continued until at least 1975, was the largest religious resistance of the Cultural Revolution, but its local dynamics and sociopolitical impacts are significantly understudied.

    Justice for Whom? Redressing the “1975 Shadian Incident” in the Post-Mao Era, 1978–2019 · 2022 · DOI

  • 18), with those over sixty mostly monolingual, those over forty bilingual but now using mainly Chinese, and younger people having limited knowledge of the language.

    A Grammar of Guìqióng: A Language of Sichuan by Li Jiang · 2016 · DOI

  • Future research could explore language use and management across families of varying SESs and how children perceive and respond to their parents’ lan- guage planning strategies. With the significant contributions, we also need to recognize some limitations of this study.

    “Fangyan is a necessity of my child’s life”: navigating language ideologies and family language planning in urban Chinese families · 2026 · DOI

  • scent/flavour), a term that describes the distinctive ornamentation and stylistic nuances in Uyghur music, yet remains underexplored in academic discourses both in China and the West.

    Muqam transmission in the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region: negotiating artistic individuality in present-day Uyghur muqam performance practices · 2025 · DOI

  • Existing studies consider home as a dynamic process and thus explore the sociocultural factors across time and space in shaping migrants’ senses of home; yet, this has not been extensively studied in China’s context.

    Temporary home: a case study of a rural–urban migrant family’s homemaking practices in Guangzhou, China · 2021 · DOI

  • Although the emergence of a sense of national identity in daily narratives is common, little is known about how the Chinese older adults, particularly those living in rural districts, remember national events and construct a sense of belonging to their country.

    National identity of rural Chinese older adults: a hermeneutic phenomenological study · 2020 · DOI

  • Yet to date, little is known about the processes and dynamics of the construction of PISA discourses within these ‘poster countries’.

    Local meanings of international student assessments: an analysis of media discourses of PISA in China, 2010-2016 · 2020 · DOI

  • It will also touch upon women’s position in pre-socialist Uyghur society, the role of village elders and fathers-in-law, patterns of dispute settlement, the influence of the different forms of divorce, and the parameters for further research on the texts.

    Divorce settlement among the Uyghurs during the Republican era in Xinjiang · 2020 · DOI

  • This study is an attempt to fill the gap in research on minority education in China by indicating that, especially in the case of the promoted bilingual education, but also of other education models, there are differences in the praxis of their implementation.

    An outline of the situation of education of the Mongol minority in the People’s Republic of China after 1978 · 2019 · DOI

  • Abstract Recent years have seen an increase in the number of studies of the impact of religious faiths on citizens’ values in several Chinese societies, but little is known about the position and role schooling has had in relation to the rise of religious activity, especially in Mainland China.

    Religiosity and citizenship values in Chinese language textbooks · 2018 · DOI

  • We hope our contribution inspires further research into the predicament of Tibet's minority languages and helps support community efforts to maintain and revitalize these languages.

    Tibet's Minority Languages: Diversity and endangerment · 2018 · DOI

  • Although studies have been done in China’s large cities on education policy issues, research is lacking on China’s smaller towns, which are more indicative of the situations throughout China.

    Unexpected Realities: Lessons from China’s New English Textbook Implementation · 2012 · DOI

  • This paper concludes that a further exploration on non-western parenting is warranted for future family research and thus its findings are deemed to be resourceful for multicultural societies.

    Socialization and Parenting in Chinese Cultural Context · 2009 · DOI

  • Observations among minority groups in the rural northeast indicate that there is a cultural dimension to the problem that warrants further examination.

    Obstacles to Rural Development in China: Local Minorities, Cadres, and Ritual · 2007

  • The position of Kyrgyz adat (traditional customary law) on the practice of non-consensual bride kidnapping in Kyrgyzstan has not been documented nor is there a consensus among the ethnic Kyrgyz on whether or not non-consensual bride kidnapping is a Kyrgyz ‘tradition’.

    <i>Kyz ala kachuu</i>and<i>adat</i>: non-consensual bride kidnapping and tradition in Kyrgyzstan · 2007 · DOI

  • Because of their specific characteristics, the remains of the Taosi type seem to be limited to the Fen River Valley sites and have to be set apart from the two other types mentioned before.

    Les traditions Longshan de la région du cours moyen du fleuve Jaune · 1988 · DOI

  • The depth lies in the fact that with regard to every nationality, regardless of how powerful it may be, everything about it needs to be studied—its origins, developments, attributes and characteristics, language, economy, culture, and even the customs and habits of everyday life.

    New China's Ethnology: Research and Prospects · 1988 · DOI

  • In most areas inhabited by minorities, there has been a big improvement in relations among the nationalities, but a number of problems remain to be solved.

    The Question of the Minority Nationalities · 1981 · DOI

  • The chief reason is no doubt insufficient information: the Chinese were separated from the nomadic regions by a mass of other barbarians, in whose homelands the main clashes were probably fought out.

    The Steppe Zone in the Period of Early Nomads and China of the 9th-7th Centuries B.C · 1966 · DOI

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28 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,651 China's Ethnic Minorities and Relations papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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