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Open research questions in Education and Islamic Studies

476 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 2,697 Education and Islamic Studies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • One challenge is the limited understanding of Islamic educational thought among Muslim educators. Another challenge is the need to adapt traditional pedagogies to bring Islamic educational thought to life in classroom practice. A further challenge is the need to build educator agency through international communities of inquiry engaged in cumulative dialogue, reflexivity and refinement of practice.

    Supporting educators to introduce dialogic Halaqah into their classrooms: conceptual change through online professional development · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a professional development model that draws on Islamic educational thought to renew traditional practices in Islamic educational contexts. The existing understanding of education in the Muslim world is limited to providing academic knowledge, with the family's role being to take care of tarbiyah. There is a lack of engagement with classical and contemporary Islamic philosophies of education to critique the dominant model of schooling and envision alternatives.

    Supporting educators to introduce dialogic Halaqah into their classrooms: conceptual change through online professional development · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of operationalization of the Islamic concept of tawbah in empirical literature. The need for an indigenous measure of tawbah for Muslim adults. The gap in the field of psychology regarding the measurement of tawbah.

    Development and Validation of Tawbah Scale Among Pakistani Muslims · 2026 · DOI

  • The challenge is not overt discrimination, but what goes unsaid. Fasting learners may hesitate to ask for accommodations, fearing it makes them look weak. Educators want to help but worry about seeming presumptuous.

    Supporting Muslim students during Ramadan · 2026 · DOI

  • Academic performance among secondary school students is increasingly shaped not only by cognitive and psychological factors but also by spiritual and moral dimensions that remain underexplored in contemporary educational research, particularly in urban Malaysian school contexts, where adolescents face growing challenges related to moral deterioration, digital distractions, and declining motivation to learn.

    A Preliminary Study on The Relationship Between Religiosity and Academic Performance Among Secondary School Students in Shah Alam · 2026 · DOI

  • Although these findings confirm the suitability, acceptability, and potential of the model in shaping inclusive, responsive, and versatile future teachers, construct validity for the Versatile Student Model should be examined in the future.

    Tahap Konsepsi Versatiliti Pelajar Program Ijazah Sarjana Muda Perguruan (PISMP) Institut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Ilmu Khas · 2026 · DOI

  • Interdisciplinary research on AI ethics and Islamic thought. Development of Islamic-based AI ethics frameworks for other domains. Investigation of the impact of Islamic ethics on AI governance in education.

    Coping with AI: Islamic Principles for New Education Policy · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of Islamic perspectives on AI ethics in education policy. The need for a moral compass that blends flexibility with accountability in AI governance.

    Coping with AI: Islamic Principles for New Education Policy · 2026 · DOI

  • Integrating spiritual and ethical considerations into technical curricula. Aligning engineering practice with worship, justice, and stewardship. Addressing identity gaps in Muslim academia.

    Embedding Tawhidic Epistemology in Engineering Education Aligned with IEA 2021 Graduate Attributes · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of a faith-based framework in engineering education. The need for a structured, scalable model that integrates technical competence with spiritual and ethical responsibility.

    Embedding Tawhidic Epistemology in Engineering Education Aligned with IEA 2021 Graduate Attributes · 2026 · DOI

  • The need to reformulate Islamic studies methodologies to align with the learning characteristics and digital behaviors of Generation Z. The lack of structured digital literacy frameworks and the limited educator digital competence.

    Digitalizing Islamic Education: Developing a Methodological Model for Generation Z Learners · 2026 · DOI

  • The methodology lacks flexibility mechanisms to address technological rapidity, where platform algorithms, features, and popularity shift frequently, making current teaching strategies obsolete within short timeframes. Future research should develop and test 'evergreen' adaptable methodological principles that maintain pedagogical consistency despite rapid technological evolution in digital Islamic education.

    Digitalizing Islamic Education: Developing a Methodological Model for Generation Z Learners · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need to develop IRE learning practices oriented toward holistic and sustainable well-being in the digital era. The study identifies a gap in the existing literature on student well-being in IRE learning.

    Student Well-being in Islamic Religious Education Learning in the Digital Era: A Phenomenological Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The study does not provide empirical generalization due to its philosophical-analytical approach. The research process was conducted in several systematic stages, but the specifics are not detailed. The study's findings are based on a conceptual framework, which may require further testing and validation.

    Quantum Learning in a Sufism Perspective: Integration of Tajalli Concepts and Holistic Learning Theory · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a gap between cognitive-oriented instructional practices and the need for transformative learning in Islamic Religious Education. The existing applications of Quantum Learning in religious education are largely technical and methodological, neglecting spiritual epistemology.

    Quantum Learning in a Sufism Perspective: Integration of Tajalli Concepts and Holistic Learning Theory · 2026 · DOI

  • Ensuring AI integration aligns with Islamic ethical principles and cultural diversity. Addressing the digital gap in Islamic educational institutions. Developing structural, financial, and policy-based frameworks for long-term AI integration.

    INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION: ETHICAL, PEDAGOGICAL, AND SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVES · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of defined regulatory rules for ethical AI use in Islamic education creates a significant sustainability concern. The digital gap in Islamic educational institutions restricts the possibility of AI applications.

    INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION: ETHICAL, PEDAGOGICAL, AND SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVES · 2026 · DOI

  • Rahman tends to present Qur'anic verses as direct causes of scientific development, overlooking intercultural transmission from Greek, Indian, and Persian sources. His symbolic reading of numbers sometimes lacks hermeneutic boundaries, risking metaphysical overreach. His approach prioritizes unity and harmony but underplays critical reasoning, which is essential to modern science.

    The Qur'an and Mathematics: The Dimension of Tawhid and Knowledge in the Perspective of Afzalur Rahman · 2026 · DOI

  • The relationship between the Qur'an and mathematics remains theoretically contested between two dominant approaches. There is a lack of clarity on the epistemological role of tawḥīd in knowledge integration.

    The Qur'an and Mathematics: The Dimension of Tawhid and Knowledge in the Perspective of Afzalur Rahman · 2026 · DOI

  • The implementation of contextual teaching in Islamic Education remains limited. There are still teaching practices in Islamic Education that tend to emphasize rote memorization without linking knowledge to real-life situations.

    Contextual Teaching in Islamic Education in the ERA of Artificial Intelligence (AI) · 2026 · DOI

  • The implementation of contextual teaching in Islamic Education remains limited. There is a need for teaching approaches that not only convey religious knowledge but also facilitate the internalization and practical application of Islamic values.

    Contextual Teaching in Islamic Education in the ERA of Artificial Intelligence (AI) · 2026 · DOI

  • The study is limited to a qualitative approach and does not provide empirical evidence. The implementation of inclusive learning media innovations is hindered by limited resources, teacher competency, and lack of collaboration among stakeholders.

    Inclusive Learning Media Innovation in Islamic Religious Education for Students with Special Needs · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a gap in the development of inclusive media for Islamic Religious Education. Prior studies have emphasized the importance of inclusive education, but there is a lack of research on inclusive learning media for students with special needs.

    Inclusive Learning Media Innovation in Islamic Religious Education for Students with Special Needs · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the development of contemporary Islamic learning models that integrate 21st-century learning frameworks with Islamic educational models. The study highlights the need for a shift in learning paradigms in contemporary Islamic education.

    The Transformative Teacher: Integrating Deep Learning Models into Contemporary Islamic Education · 2026 · DOI

  • The dominance of intellectual intelligence in modern education. The lack of integration of spiritual and emotional intelligence in educational programs. The challenges of globalization and digitalization in modern education.

    Integration of Spiritual and Emotional Intelligence from the Perspective of Tafsîr al-Misbâh and Its Relevance to Modern Education · 2026 · DOI

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476 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 2,697 Education and Islamic Studies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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