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Open research questions in International Student and Expatriate Challenges

897 gap statements mined from International Student and Expatriate Challenges papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 8,694 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • However, it is important to acknowledge the limitations of this study. The long-term impact of the initiative on faculty and staff intercultural competence development and the potential effects on student outcomes were not explored in depth.

    Transformative Pathways: Implementing Intercultural Competence Development in Higher Education Using Kotter’s Change Model · 2024 · DOI

  • Future research should investigate the mechanisms by which international competencies develop.

    Enhancing Nursing Students’ International Competencies Through a Virtual Exchange Program: A Quasi-Experimental Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The study provides exploratory evidence concerning an under-researched group of international teachers.

    Perceived adaptation difficulties and perceived influencing factors: a descriptive survey of CFL teachers in UAE schools · 2026 · DOI

  • The findings suggest that MT may aid in reducing stress related to studying abroad and help to maintain academic engagement, and thus MT interventions should be explored in this population.

    Acculturative stress, academic burnout and academic engagement in international students: the roles of mental toughness and scholarship status · 2026 · DOI

  • The study contributes to limited research in the Western Balkans by integrating education perceptions, psychological wellbeing, and migration intentions in a single model.

    The role of education and psychological wellbeing in shaping migration intentions: evidence from Kosovo · 2026 · DOI

  • Intercultural Competence (IC) has gained prominence as a strategic priority in higher education; however, the socio-emotional mechanisms through which it develops in structured short-term academic mobility remain underexplored.

    Developing Intercultural Competence Through Short-Term Academic Exchange: Emotional Regulation and Identity Formation in a Multicultural Co-Living Context · 2026 · DOI

  • The findings show that international PGR progression depends on far more than academic support, addressing a critical gap in understanding their settlement challenges.

    Non-academic support helps international postgraduate researchers succeed in their studies · 2026 · DOI

  • Short-term international academic programs are increasingly adopted to promote global engagement in higher education; however, student experiences within these initiatives remain underexplored.

    Evaluating international student experiences in a short-term mobility program · 2026 · DOI

  • Although university students reported worsening mental health during the pandemic little is known about how current learning modes (in-person, hybrid and online) are associated with mental health of international students, particularly among Chinese international students (CIS).

    Learning mode, university students’ mental health, and acculturative stress · 2026 · DOI

  • Chinese international students (CIS) are among the largest and most mobile student populations globally, yet their acculturative experiences in host countries remain complex and underexplored.

    Acculturation experiences among Chinese international students · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the mechanisms linking faculty support to students’ sense of belonging remain underexplored.

    Faculty support and belonging among international students · 2026 · DOI

  • As global disruptions increasingly shape international student mobility and academic engagement, this study addresses a critical gap in the literature and underscores the need for equitable, crisis-responsive academic support structures for international students at HBCUs.

    Navigating crisis · 2026 · DOI

  • Large Language Models offer multilingual support, yet their role in international students’ cultural adaptation remains underexplored.

    Exploring the role of large language models during the culture shock phase · 2026 · DOI

  • Although previous scholarship has emphasized the cultural and language barriers faced by this population, relatively little is known about the labor conditions of these students and how they may contribute to inequality.

    Limited agency, racialized labor, and the mechanization of Asian international students in U.S. higher education · 2026 · DOI

  • The needs of international and mature international students vary widely, posing a challenge for lecturers in determining how best to support them.

    Understanding and enhancing academic and well-being support for international and mature postgraduate students · 2026 · DOI

  • Although social support has been widely studied in relation to international students’ adjustment, its association with intercultural sensitivity remains underexplored among locally embedded foreign language learners.

    Social support and intercultural sensitivity among learners of Chinese as a foreign language in Malaysia · 2026 · DOI

  • WeChat is one of the most popular social media platforms amongst Chinese international students (CISs) studying in Australia, yet little is known about how its use mediates CISs transition to the Australian university.

    Exploring the significance of WeChat in Chinese international students’ practice in the Australian higher education field · 2025 · DOI

  • While research abounds on musicians’ precarity, emerging student musicians remain understudied, especially amidst migration for opportunity.

    Chasing the dream · 2025 · DOI

  • Unlike prior work focused on general faculty satisfaction, this study addresses underexplored gaps in non-Western transnational education, offering practical strategies to increase expatriate retention and enrich the learning environment for Chinese international students on offshore campuses.

    Job satisfaction among expatriate academics at China’s offshore campuses · 2025 · DOI

  • Digital workforce inclusion has been a most important but under-researched area of corporate strategy in MNCs. Expatriates, hybrid workers, and local workers need their own support structures or more so when remote or digital realities are being exploited, where a physical presence is insufficient due to technological or cultural obstacles.

    Organizational Justice, Cultural Intelligence and Workforce Inclusion in Digitally Transformed Multinationals: A Systematic Integrated Review of Expatriate and Hybrid Workers in Emerging Economies · 2026 · DOI

  • Our study's novel contribution lies in demonstrating the complex relationship between international medical students’ personal and professional experiences and their cultural intelligence when navigating and adapting to different cultures within an Eastern context, an area that is rarely examined.

    The authentic professional and artificial personal development among international medical students across cultures: a mixed-methods study · 2026 · DOI

  • The experiences of international counseling psychology students (ICPS) across multiple domains of training and their professional identity development were under investigated.

    A journey of acculturation and growth · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing studies on one-stop student communities have focused mainly on domestic undergraduate management and have rarely examined how such communities support study-abroad preparation, intercultural adaptation, and long-term student development.

    Reconstructing one-stop student communities for study-abroad preparation in Chinese higher education · 2026 · DOI

  • The study aims to explore the predictive effect of cultural intelligence on work engagement, mediated by servant leadership.

    CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PREDICTOR OF WORK ENGAGEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP IN HOTELS · 2026 · DOI

  • She writes, “I maintain that even when the congregants have the same racial and cultural backgrounds, their worship should not be limited to themselves, but their theological concerns and liturgical experiences should be extended beyond their limited worldview and culturally embedded spiritual practices”…

    A Postcolonial Conversational Approach to Preaching in Multicultural Contexts · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in International Student and Expatriate Challenges

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Future research should investigate the mechanisms by which international competencies develop (“Enhancing Nursing Students’ International Competencies Through a Virtual…”, 2026); (2) Intercultural Competence (IC) has gained prominence as a strategic priority in higher education; however, the socio-emotional mechanisms through which it develops in structured short-term academic mobility remain underexplored (“Developing Intercultural Competence Through Short-Term Academic Exchange:…”, 2026); (3) Short-term international academic programs are increasingly adopted to promote global engagement in higher education; however, student experiences within these initiatives remain underexplored (“Evaluating international student experiences in a short-term mobility program”, 2026); (4) The mechanisms linking faculty support to students’ sense of belonging remain underexplored (“Faculty support and belonging among international students”, 2026); (5) Large Language Models offer multilingual support, yet their role in international students’ cultural adaptation remains underexplored (“Exploring the role of large language models during the culture shock phase”, 2026). 897 gap statements have been mined from International Student and Expatriate Challenges papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 8,694 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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