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Open research questions in Military History and Strategy

26 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,802 Military History and Strategy papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • This article advances the understudied thread of military effectiveness in American civil–military relations by testing the acumen of each side's judgment in 44 use of force decisions since the Second World War.

    The relationship between American civil–military relations and military outcomes · 2024 · DOI

  • The complexity of such environments is illustrated by the following blog from a soldier in Iraq (see Burden, 2006):While the situation above illustrates the complexity present in many military environments, complexity within operating environments is not limited to the military, but appears in many public and private organizations (e.

    Stress and Teams: How Stress Affects Decision Making at the Team Level · 2018 · DOI

  • This article thus fills a gap in the literature on resistance to militarism by investigating a series of anti‐ JROTC campaigns in the city of Baltimore, beginning in 1979.

    “The New Beachhead Is in Secondary Education”: Campaigns Against Junior <scp>ROTC</scp> in Baltimore · 2017 · DOI

  • The article concludes that the revisionists are correct in their belief that Asian societies were undergoing rapid changes in military technology and practices along the lines of those taking place in western Europe and that the standard model Bryant defends is incorrect because it presumes that Asian societies are more stagnant than is warranted by the evidence.

    An Accelerating Divergence? The Revisionist Model of World History and the Question of Eurasian Military Parity: Data from East Asia · 2010 · DOI

  • The limited literature on this topic has fuelled a popular orthodoxy which holds that the UK intelligence effort and policies to recruit German defence scientists were classic examples of the ‘British disease’, or a more general inability to exploit a technological opportunity that was harnessed so effectively by the other victorious Allies.

    Operation ‘Surgeon’ and Britain's post-war exploitation of Nazi German aeronautics · 2002 · DOI

  • But it is a fact little known, except to students of Russian history, that the principle of universal military service had been first applied in Russia in I705, ninety-three years before it was proclaimed in France.

    Universal Military Service in Russia and Western Europe · 1949 · DOI

  • Handed down as it was by the state legislature, it would be generous to say that the act was received without par- ticular enthusiasm by the local employ- ees. In truth, it probably wouId be safe to go further and say that there was not a vast amount of enthusiasm for the merit system among the voters of the county. The lack of enthusiasm if not the downright suspicion with which the measure was received, togeth- er with the litigation previously men- tioned, got the personnel board off to (Continued on Page 402) 402 NATIONAL MUNICIPAL REVIEW [August The planning of resettlement as in Austria will create a new type of pro- ductive life which is neither entirely in- dustrial nor agricultural, but a combina- tion of both. The highly skilled indus- trial worker, as the experience in Austria shows, is capable of qualitative agrarian work, such as cultivation of valuable fruits and vegetables which peasants and gardeners often cannot cultivate. The industrial workers are also better edu- cated by their labor movement and the coiiperatives for the necessary organiza- tion of coijperatives for production and distribution. Thus, a new type of indi- vidual arises who combines industrial and agricultural qualifications. The economic life after the World War and after the present economic depres- sion in Austria has added new functions to the federal government as well as to the municipal administration. Not only the administration itself in the old-fash- ioned sense must be fulfilled by the public authorities but the constructive planning of new life also. The political struggles in Europe with their contrast between democratic and fascist, social- ist and nationalist tendencies have dis- placed the profound study of economic problems and relations. Within the anti- socialist circles, moreover, all construc- tive planning is suspect. Nevertheless, the trend of development in the near future in Europe must be towards great- er constructive planning both in housing and resettlement-provided that Europe is still to be saved from political catas- trophe. PERSONNEL PROGRESS I N THE DEEP SOUTH (Continued from Page 396) a slow start, so that it was late in the spring of 1936 before the machinery was in effective operation. I n the fifteen months since the SU- preme court’s decision, the merit sys- tem appears to have gained ground on every hand. The most significant test it has made came in the course of the recent Birmingham city primaries. While it would not be correct to say that civil service was an active issue in the city campaigns, it is true, never- theless, that the merit system came in for considerable discussion, that its one outspoken foe among the candidates was defeated and its supporters elected, and that the results of the primaries are regarded in most quarters as a victory for merit principles. The merit system is regarded with varying feelings by the officers and em- themselves. The conclusion ployees seems warranted that, among the em- ployees, its supporters are increasing in numbers as time goes on. As for the higher and particularly the elective offi- cers, there was a great deal of opposi- tion when the act became effective.

    Personnel progress in the deep south · 1937 · DOI

  • The findings provide an empirical basis for refining selection and development practices and highlight priorities for further research on leadership dynamics in military settings.

    Leadership and personality characteristics in the armed forces: a comparison of three levels of managerial experience · 2026 · DOI

  • Numerous tests addressing potential socialization effects over a longer period reveal that experience may attenuate hawkishness but that it is insufficient to offset initial differences.

    The Character and Origins of Military Attitudes on the Use of Force · 2022 · DOI

  • Coletta and Crosbie also place greater emphasis on the separability of political and military affairs than is warranted, and Janowitz is more helpful here as well.

    The Utility of Janowitz’s Political Awareness in Officer Education · 2021 · DOI

  • This struggle is rightly understood as a defining element of Marine Corps culture but is rarely examined for how it influences the service’s approach to conflict.

    The Marines, Counterinsurgency, and Strategic Culture: Lessons Learned and Lost in America’s Wars · 2019 · DOI

  • Military sponsorship is an understudied yet important object of theory and analysis for historians of Canada and the Cold War, and it is incumbent upon Canadian historians to discuss and debate the role and influence of military research in the university context.

    Canadian Scientists and Military Research in the Cold War, 1947–60 · 2019 · DOI

  • Research limitations/implications The empirical basis is limited to army officers in Lithuania, and the authors urge caution in extrapolating to other military personnel and other countries.

    Integrating retired military officers into the civilian labour market · 2018 · DOI

  • This commentary notes the limited literature cited, summarizes the distinction between a study and science, and suggests issues and concepts to be addressed to make a stronger start in research on military cohesion at the meso- and macrolevels.

    New Body of Cohesion Research at a Macrolevel · 2018 · DOI

  • Overall, the authors argue that the paucity of material focused on the process of researching the military represents a significant limitation that is in need of further consideration.

    Reflexivity and Researching the Military · 2006 · DOI

  • Yet if a novel enthusiasm was eroding traditional aversion to the army, it was scarcely capable of creating a public tolerance for its involvement in domestic affairs.

    Military Force and Civil Authority in the United Kingdom, 1914–1921 · 1989 · DOI

  • Further study of human-relations training effects would be of great value in helping us understand the precise relationship between such training and leader effectiveness.

    The effect of military leadership training: A test of the contingency model · 1972 · DOI

  • Thus until the Great War the scope of instruction at all staff colleges remained limited to the conduct of war itself in modern conditions: that is, to armies and battles.

    The Education of Military Elites · 1967 · DOI

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26 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,802 Military History and Strategy papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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